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19
Chemistry
7th Grade
03/05/2012

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Term
Atom
Definition
Smallest particle of an element
Term
Element
Definition
A pure substance that contains only one kind of atom
Term
Proton
Definition
The positive particle found in the nucleus of an atom
Term
Neutron
Definition
A particle found in the nucleus of an atom that has no charge
Term
Electron
Definition
The negatively charged particle only found in an atom
Term
Nucleus
Definition
The small, dense, central core of an atom
Term
Energy Levels
Definition
Orbits found outside the nucleus of an atom in which electrons travel
Term
Atomic mass unit
Definition
The mass of a single proton or neutron; amu
Term
Atomic number
Definition
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Term
Mass number
Definition
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom; it is found by rounding off the atomic mass to the nearest whole number
Term
Atomic mass
Definition
The sum of the relative masses of the protons and neutrons in an atom
Term
Isotopes
Definition
Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons
Term
Ion
Definition
An atom or group of atoms that have an eletric charge  as the result of losing or gaining electrons
Term
Periodic Table
Definition
The organization of elements by atomic number into a table: similar elements are grouped in horizontal rows (periods) and vertical columns (groups)
Term
Period
Definition
A horizontal, row of elements in the periodic table; 7 rows = 7 periods 
Term
Groups
Definition
Sets of elements arranged in vertical columns in the periodic table; 18 groups ; groups are often called families
Term
Metal
Definition
Elements that tend to LOSE electrons easily; thay are located on the left of the staircase on the periodic table
Term
Nonmetals
Definition
Elements that tend to GAIN electrons easily; they are located on the right of the staircase of the periodic table
Term
Metalloids
Definition
Substances that exhibit some, but not all, of the properties of metals
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