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Venous and Arterial System
All about blood and the Cardiovascular system!
50
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
06/19/2010

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Term
Origin of blood is always the...
Definition
Mesenchymal tissue
Term
Fluid that makes up 55% of blood volume
Definition
Plasma
Term
Makes up 45% of blood volume
Definition
Formed elements
Term
Centrifuge
Definition
separation of plasma and blood cells
Term
Hematocrit
Definition
Packed cell volume (PCV) percentage of RBCs in centrifuged whole blood
Term
Fractionation
Definition
process of separating whole blood for analysis
Term
3 Origins of plasma protiens
Definition
90% made in liver
Antibodies
Peptide hormones
Term
3 of the most important plasma protiens
Definition
albumins
globulins
fibrinogens
Term
Arterial RBCs color
Definition
Bright red
Term
Venous RBCs color
Definition
dark red
Term
PH of blood and
Temp of blood
Definition
7.35-7.45 pH
38C 100.4F
Term
Rouleaux
Definition
discs of RBCs that form stacks
Term
Lifespan of RBCs
Definition
3-4 months
*due to lack of mitochondria and nuclei
Term
Hemorrhagic anemia
Definition
acute chronic loss of blood
Term
Hemolytic anemia
Definition
RBCs rupture prematurely
Term
Aplastic anemia
Definition
destruction or inhabition of red bone marrow (cancer or some drugs)
Term
Iron deficient anemia
Definition
# of RBCs is normal but Hemoglobin is reduced
Term
Pernicious anemia
Definition
# of RBCs is reduced
Term
Abnormal hemoglobin
Definition
structure changes and cant bind with O2 but amount is the same
Term
sickle cell anemia
Definition
defective gene code
Term
Polycythemia
Definition
excess RBCs are produced
Term
EPO
Definition
Hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates RBC production
Term
Most numerous WBCs
Definition
Neutrophils
Term
WBC responsible for allergic reation
Definition
Eosinophils
Term
Rarest WBCs
Definition
Basophils
Term
2 types of lymphocytes
Definition
T cells- act against tumors and viruses
B cells- produce antibodies
Term
Largest leukocyte
Definition
monocytes
Term
ALL leukocytes originate from here
Definition
hemocytoblasts
Term
Leukopenia
Definition
abnormally low WBC count- drug induced
Term
Acute leukemia
Definition
primarily affects children
Term
Chronic leukemia
Definition
primarily affects older people
Term
Leukemia
Definition
immature nonfunctional WBCs in bloodstream
Term
Platelets
Definition
small fragments of megakaryocytes
Term
3 phases of cogulation
Definition
Prothrombin activator is formed
prothrombin is converted into thrombin
thrombin catalyzes to form fibrin mesh
Term
Thromboembolytic
Definition
undesirable clot formation
Term
Thrombus
Definition
clot that develops and persists in an unbroken blood vessel
Term
Embolus
Definition
thrombus freely floating in bloodstream
Term
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Definition
release of premature RBCs into system, antibodies cross placenta and destroy the RBCs of an Rh+ baby
Term
____ receieves blood
____ pumps it out
Definition
Atrium
Venricle
Term
Right side is...
Left side is...
Definition
deoxygenated
oxygenated
Term
3 layers of pericardium (cover of the heart)
Definition
Parietal- outside
Visceral- inner
Pericardial cavity- filled with pericardial fluid (in the middle)
Term
Which ventricle is most important?
Definition
Left- pumps blood throught the body
Term
___ supplies oxygen to the heart
Definition
blood vessels
Term
Coronary sulcus
Definition
divides atria and ventricles and is filled with fat and blood vessels
Term
3 layers of the heart wall
Definition
Epicardium- outer layer, visceral pericardium
Myocardium- middle layer, thickest
Endocardium- inner layer, simple squamous
Term
SA node
Definition
pacemaker
Term
When Ca++ channels open...
Definition
the cell becomes less positive
Term
Repolarization
Definition
results from inactivation of Ca2+ channels and the opening of voltage gated K+ channels
Term
SA and AV nodes are found in the
Definition
Right atrium
Term
Tachycardia
Definition
increased heart rate
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