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Vaccinations for Adults & Sometimes Children
Vaccinations for Adults & Sometimes Children
50
Pharmacology
Professional
09/03/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the two most common vaccines given by pharmacists?
Definition
Influenza and pneumococcal
Term
Regarding FluMist, must the patient be completely healthy to receive the vaccine?
Definition
Yes
Term
Who needs the Tetanus, Diptheria and Pertusis (Tdap) vaccine?
Definition

Adults need the combined Tdap vaccine if 19 to 64 and had the last tetanus vaccine more than 10 years ago, have would likely to become infected and last tetanus vaccine was five or more years ago, in close contact with infants, just given birth and haven't had a Tdap vaccine, or if they might become pregnant.

Term
Who needs the tetanus - diphteria (Td) booster?
Definition

Give a Td booster if 65 or older and had last tetanus vaccine more than 10 years ago

Term
What is pertussis?
Definition

Pertusis (also called whooping cough) is a highly contagious bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing. The coughing can make a deep "whooping" sound when the person tries to breathe - it can be hard to breathe with this infection.

Term
Who needs the meningitis vaccine?
Definition

Given if the patient did not receive it as a child or adolescent and is living in a dormitory for the first time, traveling to or working in parts of the world where meningitis is common, or if the spleen has been removed.

 

 

Term
How many doses of meningitis vaccine are given at any time?
Definition
one
Term
Who needs the chickenpox vaccine
Definition

To adults who have never had chickenpox

 

 

Term
How many doses are the chickenpox vaccine and how is it given?
Definition

Live vaccine (do not give if immuno - compromised, in pregnancy or if pregnancy is expected within 4 weeks) given SC. Vaccine is stored in the freezer prior to use. The diluent is stored at room temp or in the refrigerator. Once reconstituted, it cannot be stored. Do not freeze reconstituted vaccines.

Term
When to give the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine
Definition

Give the combined MMR vaccing if born in 1957 or later and never had an MMR vaccination

Term
How many doses of MMR vaccine given?
Definition

Give one dose of the MMR vaccine at any time. Give second dose four weeks after the first dose if recently exposed to measles or an outbreak occurs in the community, if a health care worker, if vaccinated with a killed measles vaccine or an unknown type of vaccine from 1963 - 1967, if travels frequently, if a college student, or had a rubella blood test that shows no immunity.

 

So, basically one definite shot and maybe a second (but not more than three)

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Term
Is the MMR vaccine live or killed?
Definition

Live vaccine: do not give if immuno - compromised, in pregnancy or if pregnancy is expected within 4 weeks

Term
What is the human papillomavirus?
Definition

HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease and can cause genital warts (occassionally throat warts) and cancer (primarily cervical, and other reproductive tract cancers)

Term
Which vaccine(s) are given to girls and women?
Definition
Cervarix and Gardasil
Term
What are the age cut offs for Cervarix and Gardasil?
Definition

for females 11 to 12 years, and for females 13 to 26 years who did not get any or all of the shots when they were younger. Can be given to girls as young as 9 years of age.

Term
How many doses of Cervarix and Gardasil
Definition

Three doses. Recommended that all three doses of the vaccine are of the same brand.

Term
Which vaccine(s) are recommended for boys and men?
Definition
Gardasil
Term
The age cutoffs for Gardasil
Definition

Vaccine is avilable for boys and men, 9 - 26 years of age

Term
When to administer Gardasil
Definition

Give one dose of the HPV vaccine at any time. Give a second dose two months after the first dose, and a third dose six months after the first dose.

Term
When is the HPV vaccine not recommended.
Definition

Not recommended if allergic to baker's yeast, or if pregnant or currently ill.

Term

How many doses of Hepatits A should be given and what is the time spacing between them?

Definition

Two doses. Give one dose of the hepatitis A vaccine at any time. Give a second dose six to 18 months after the first dose.

 

Term
Who needs the Hepatitis B vaccine
Definition

Sexually Acitve

Male having sex with other males

Sex with those infected with Hep B

Illicit Drug Users

Receiving Hemodialysis

Health care or public saftey workers

Living with someone with hep B

Term
How many doses and timing of Hep B?
Definition

Three doses. Give one dose of the hepatits B vaccine at any time. Give a second dose one month after the first dose. Give a third dose at least two months after the second dose and at least four months after the first dose.

Term
Who needs the Herpes Zoster (Shingles) vaccine?
Definition

If older than age 60

 

Term
How many Shingles (Zostavax) dose are given?
Definition

Give one dose of the shingles vaccine at any time. 

Term
Is the Zostavax vaccine IM or SC?
Definition

SC vaccine, and is reconstituted. Vaccine is stored in the freezer piror to use. Diluent is stored at room temp or in the refrigerator. Once reconstituted, it cannot be stored. Do not freeze reconstituted vaccines.

Term
When not to give the zostavax vaccine?
Definition

Pregnant (what 60 year old would be pregnant); currently ill, allergy to gelatin.

Term
Who needs the pneumonia (pneumococcal vaccine?)
Definition

65 or older

 

have a cronic illness or a week immune system,

 

Spleen has been removed

 

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Term
When to revaccinate pneumonia
Definition

if 65 or older and received the first dose before age 65 and five years or more ago

 

Term
How many pneumococcal vaccines are there?
Definition

Two different penumococcal vaccines:

 

(1) PCV, Prevnar

(2) PPSV, Pneumovax 23

 

Term
Indications for Prevnar
Definition

For kids younger than 2 years for preventing otitis media infxns, and importantly rare but potentially fatal menigitis.

 

Term
Indications for Pneumovax 23
Definition

For elderly

 

Term

Everyone age 6 months and older should receive the flu vaccine. But who are considered high-risk patients who should absolutel receive the vaccine.

Definition

Pregnant women

Those with asthma, diabetes, or other chronic conditions

Term
What prior screening is necessary before administering the flu vaccine?
Definition

 

(1) Is the person sick today? (mild colds/allergies are fine)


(2) Does the person to be vaccinated have an allergy to eggs or to a component of the vaccine


(3) Has the person to be vaccinated every had a serious reaction to influenza vaccine in the past?


(4) Has the person to be vaccinated ever had Gullain - Barre syndrome

 

Term
There are many names for flu vaccines, what are the inactivated vaccines?
Definition

Notice that they have "flu" in the name:

 

Afluria

Fluarix

FluLaval

Fluvirin

Fluzone

Term
How are the inactivated flu vaccines given?
Definition
IM injection with needle at least 1" long
Term
What is the live vaccine for the flu?
Definition

FluMist is the live nasal vaccine given by a nasal spray

Term
Does FluMist cause the flu?
Definition

It does not cause the flu - except in patients with severe immunosuppression

 

Term
Who is FluMist indicated for?
Definition

Healthy people 2-49 years of age who are not pregnant

Term
Does FluMist contain thimerosal?
Definition

The single - dose and nasal mist do not contain thimersol.

 

Term
What is recommended for relief of fever post immunization
Definition

For relief of fever, other antipyretic medications such as actaminophen/NSAIDs are recommended (no aspirin or other salicylates to anyone < 18 years old due to risk of Reye's syndrome)

 

Children younger than 4 years should not be given combination OTC cold medications

 

Term

Treatment is recommended for patients with confirmed or suspected influenza who have severe, complicated, or progessive illness or who are hospitalized. Antiviral treatment is also indicated for prophylaxis in patients at risk for infection who were exposed to the virus. What are the recommended duration of treatment for those infected or for those wanting prophylaxis?

Definition

Tamiflu:

 

Treatment: 5 days

Prophylaxis: 10 days

 

Term
MOA for neuraminidase inhibitors?
Definition

Inhibit the neuraminidase enzyme which affects the release of viral particles, thereby reducing the amount of virus in the body

Term
Name a neuraminidase inhibitor?
Definition
Oseltamivir
Term
Brand name for Oseltamivir
Definition

TamiFlu: Capsules & Oral Suspension

 

 

Term

Name the generic and brand name for the oral inhalation powder formulation of oseltamivir?

Definition

Generic: Zanamivir

Brand: Relenza

Term
What is the generic name of the IV formulation of oseltamivir?
Definition

Peramivir IV

 

Used int he US under special exception (non-approved)

Term
When should a neuraminidase be initiated?
Definition
Start within 48 hours of symptoms
Term
Treatment and prevention dose for Oseltamivir?
Definition

Treatment: 75 mg BID x 5d

Prevention: 75 mg Qd x 10d

 

Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
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