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urinaty tract
For Dr. Singh class
43
Pharmacology
Pre-School
10/12/2011

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Cards

Term
Acidification
Definition
The conversion to an acidic enviroment
Term
Acidosis
Definition
The increase of acid content of the blood resulting from the accumulation of acid or loss of bicarbonoate; the pH of blood is lowered
Term
Alkalosis
Definition
The increase of alkalinity of the blood resulting from the accumulation of alkali or reduction of acid content; the pH of blood is raised
Term
Blood urea nitrogen
Definition
A test that measures the nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea
Term
Congestive heart failure
Definition
Accumulation of blood in the circulatory system caused by the inability of the heart to pump efficiently
Term
Dialysis
Definition
The passage of a solution through a semipermeable membreane to remove toxic materals and to maintain fluid, electroyte, and pH levels of the body system when the kidneys no longer work
Term
Diuretic
Definition
An agent that increases urine output and diuresis
Term
Dyspepsia
Definition
Heartburn, indegestion, epigastric discomfort
Term
Edema
Definition
A local or generalized condition in which body tissues retain an excessive amount of tissue fluid
Term
Electrolyte
Definition
Charged elements called cations (which have postive charges) and anions (which have negative charges)
Term
Excretion
Definition
Elimination of waste products through stools and urine
Term
Incontinence
Definition
Loss of control over excertion of urine or feces
Term
Micturition
Definition
Urination
Term
Nocturia
Definition
Having to urinate excessively at night
Term
Pyelonephritis
Definition
Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
Term
Urea
Definition
The main nitrogenous constitiuent of urine and final product of protein metabolism; formed in the liver
Term
Urinary tract infection
Definition
Infection of the kidney, bladder, prostate gland, or the urethra
Term
Urolithiasis
Definition
Kidney stones
Term
Absorption
Definition
the intake of liquids, solids, and gases into the body fluids and tissues
Term
Distribution
Definition
the way in which chemicals or drug agents are separated throughout the body
Term
Metabolism
Definition
how chemical changes and all transformations occur within the body sytem. Metabolism includes anabolism (building up processes) and catabolism (breaking down processes)
Term
Excretion
Definition
The elimination of chemicals and substances from the body system
Term
Ca²⁺
Definition
Bone and teeth formation, cell membrane integrity, cardiac conduction nerve impulsees, muscle contraction, hormone secretion
Term
K⁺
Definition
Necessary for glycogen deposits in the liver and skeletal muscles; aids in nerve and cardiac conduction; helps in the contraction within the skeletal and smooth muscle
Term
Mg²⁺
Definition
Aids in cardiac and skeletal muscle excitability, enzyme activities, and neurochemical activities
Term
Na⁺
Definition
Maintains water balance, nerve impulse transmission, and regulation of acid-base balance and participates in cellular checmical reactions
Term
CI⁻
Definition
The main anion in the transport of chloride following sodium
Term
HCO₃⁻
Definition
The most important chemical that acts as a buffer; it is essential for the proper acid base balance for the body system
Term
PO₄³⁻
Definition
Aids as a buffer to balance acid-base regulation within the body; promotes normal neuromusclar action and participates in carbohydrate metabolism
Term
Anuria
Definition
Lack of urine: less than 100mL over 24 hours
Term
Cystitis
Definition
Inflammation of the bladder
Term
edema
Definition
Increase in fluid in cells, tissues, and/or cavities
Term
Hyperkalemia
Definition
Excessive increase in potassium in the blood
Term
Hypokalemia
Definition
Excessive decrease in potassium in the blood
Term
Incontinence
Definition
Lack of control of urination or feces
Term
Oliguria
Definition
Little urine output: Between 100 and 400mL over 24 hours
Term
Polyuria
Definition
Excessive or large volume of urine within a certain time
Term
Pyelonephritis
Definition
Inflammation of the kidney
Term
Renal Failure
Definition
Kidney no longer functions
Term
Uremia
Definition
Excessive urea in the blood
Term
Urethritis
Definition
Inflammation of the urethra
Term
Urolithiasis
Definition
Kidney stones made of calcium or salts
Term
Urinary tract infection
Definition
Infection of the urinary tract caused by microorganisms
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