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Urinary System
Intro to the Urinary System
15
Physiology
Undergraduate 1
04/24/2007

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Term
Physiology of Urinary System Consists of: (2 pts)
Definition
-kidneys to form urine
-structures to transport urine
Term
Five Kidney Functions
Definition
1. Maintain plasma volume, therefor BP
2. Regulate H20 concentration
3. Acid/base balance (blood pH)
4. Eliminate wastes, drugs & hormones
5. Endocrine organs:
-produce renin
-erythropoetin (RBC formation)
-vitamin D
Term
Functional Unit of Kidney
Definition
Nephron
Term
Three Factors Involved in the Formation of Urine
Definition
1. Glomerular
2. Tubular Reabsorption
3. Tubular Secretion
Term
Glomerular Filtration (2 pts)
Definition
-movement of protein-free plasma from blood into Bowman's apsule by Bulk Flow across filtration membrane
-20% of plasma in glomerulus is filtered
Term
Three Parts of Filtration Membrane
Definition
1. Fenestrated Endothelium of Glomerulus
2. Basement Membrane
3. Filtration Slits b/w Podocyte
Term
Glomerular Filtration Pressures:
1. Glomerular BP
2. Blood Osmotic Pressure
3. Capsular hydrostatic Pressure
4. Capsular Osmotic Pressure
Definition
1. 55mmHg
2. 30mmHg
3. 15mmHg
4. 0mmHg
Term
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Definition
-180L/day
-125mL/min
-entire plasma filtred 60 times/day
Term
Glomerulonephriis
Definition
-kidney damage
-produces large volume of urine
Term
Regulation of Glomerular Filtration Rate:
1. Increased BP
2. Decreased BP
Definition
1. Increased GFR
2. Decreased GFR

-direct correlation
Term
Two Types of Regulating GFR
Definition
1. Intrinsic Regulation
2. Extrinsic Regulation
Term
Two Kinds of Intrinsic Regulation of GFR
Definition
1. Myogenic (MAP)
2. Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
Term
Myogenic Regulation of GFR
Definition
Increased BP --> Stretch --> Smooth Muscle Contraction --> Restricts Blood Flow --> Decreases GBP (glomerular BP)
Term
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
Definition
if
Term
Extrinsic Regulation of GFR (5 pts)
Definition
-under extreme low MAP
-SNS -> vasoconstraction
-afferent arteriole = < flow to glomerulus
-efferent arteriole = blood backs up in glomerulus
-extreme stress =
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