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Unit I OB
chapters 51-52
68
Nursing
Not Applicable
07/07/2014

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Cards

Term
smoking during pregnancy can cause
Definition
low birth weight
spontaneous abortion
Term
drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause
Definition
fetal alcohol syndrome
craniofacial malformation
CNS dysfunction
Term
5 pregnancy categories for medications
Definition
A- no risk to fetus
B- animal studies show side effects, but no risk to fetus
C- drug may be used in pregnancy if benenfits of drug outweigh risks
D- risk to fetus- possible benefit may outweigh risk to fetus
X- risk of drug out weighs any possible benefits- harms fetus
Term
teratogen
Definition
any chemical that can cause abnormal development of fetus
Term
fertilization
Definition
process of uniting sperm and ovum to form one cell containing 46 chromosomes
Term
zygote
Definition
fertilized egg
Term
morula
Definition
many celled, mulberry shaped mass
Term
blastocyst
Definition
two-layer ball
outerlayer- trophoblast- becomes placenta and fetal membranes
inner layer- embryonic disk
becomes embryo
Term
where are primitive RBCs made until liver is able to assume this function in week 6?
Definition
blastocyst forms yolk sac by day 9
Term
implantation
Definition
embeddin of blastocyst into endometrium or decidua
Term
where is hCG produced
Definition
villi of trophoblast (placenta)
Term
why is hCG important
Definition
stimulates corpus luteum to continue producing estrogen and progesterone for 11-12 weeks until the placenta can produce hormones to maintain the pregnancy
Term
chorion
Definition
outer layer of placenta
Term
amnion
Definition
inner layer of placenta
Term
fetal membranes
Definition
amniotic sac, bag of fluids
Term
what is amniotic fluid made of
Definition
98% water
glucose
proteins
urea
lanugo
vernix caseosa
Term
function of amniotic fluid
Definition
maintains constant temperature
equalizes pressure on fetus
cushions fetus from injury
prevents fetal membranes from adhering to fetus
allows fetus to move freely
provides fetus with fluid to swallow
Term
when is placenta fully functional
Definition
12 weeks
Term
cotyledones
Definition
maternal side of placenta
color and texture like liver
Term
fetal side of placenta
Definition
white and shiny, vessels are visible
Term
funcitons of placenta
Definition
transport
hormone production
production of fatty acids, glycogen, andcholesterol for fetal use
Term
hPL human placental lactogen
Definition
stimulates changes in maternal metabolism

makes protein, glucose, and minerals more readily available to fetus

insulin antagonist

decrease maternal metabolism of glucose

helps mother prepare for lactation, maintain endometrium, stimulates breast development, and prevents uterine contractions
Term
relaxin
Definition
causes softening in collagen connective tissue of symphisis pubis and sacroiliac joints
Term
umbilical cord made of 2 ___ and 1 ____
Definition
2 arteries
1 vein
Term
3 stages of gestation
Definition
preembryonic stage
fertilization - 14 days
ends at implantation
embryonic stage
weeks 3-8
greatest risk of anomalies during this period
all body systems formed during this stage
stage 3
fetal stage
weeks 9-40
all body systems refined and begin to function
Term
on day ___ one area of a vessel of the heart begins to beat
Definition
21
Term
most heart anomalies occur in weeks
Definition
6-8
Term
2 umbilical arteries
Definition
carrie deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta to mother
Term
1 umbilical vein
Definition
carries oxygenated blood from the mother to the placenta and to the fetus
Term
two branches of umbilical vein
Definition
umbilical vein- blood carried to fetal liver
ductus venosus- bypasses liver from the inferior vena cava
Term
two structures that limit the amount of blood going to the fetal lungs
Definition
foramen ovale
ductus arteriosus- connects main pulmonary artery to the aorta
Term
fetal blood initially formed on day ___ in yolk sac
Definition
14
Term
liver cant make RBCs until ___ week
Definition
6th
Term
bone marrow doesn't function until ___ week
Definition
10th
Term
lung buds begin in ___ week
Definition
6th
Term
surfactant
Definition
decreases surface tension of fluid inside alveoli
Term
age of viability
Definition
ability to live outside uterus is 24 weeks
Term
surfactant production matures by ___ week
Definition
35th
Term
mother must consume adequate amount of ____ _____ for proper brain formation and spinal column closure
Definition
folic acid
Term
fetus can hear and respond to sound by week
Definition
12
Term
fetus begins urinating into amniotic fluid on week
Definition
11
Term
external genitalia can be identified on week
Definition
12
Term
quickening
Definition
first fetal movements felt by mother at week 16-20
Term
signs of pregnancy
Definition
presumptive
probable
positive
Term
presumptive signs
Definition
amenorrhea
N/V
breast changes
urinary frequency
fatigue
abdominal enlargement
quickening
Term
probable signs
Definition
positive pregnancy test
ballottement- rebounding of fetus
uterine changes
hegar's sign
goodell's sign
chadwicks sign
Term
hegar's sign
Definition
softening of lower uterine segment
Term
goodell's sign
Definition
softening of cervix
Term
chadwick's sign
Definition
blue cervix/vagina
Term
positive signs
Definition
diagnostic

fetal heart tones
visualization of fetus
fetal movement felt by examiner
Term
uterine souffle
Definition
sound occurring at same rate as maternal pulse

caused by increased blood flow to uterus
Term
funic souffle
Definition
sound occurring at fetal heart rate

caused by fetal blood flowing through umbilical cord
Term
when can FHR be heard by doppler
Definition
10-12 weeks
Term
normal FHR
Definition
120-150 bpm
Term
biophysical profile
Definition
fetal breathing
fetal movement
fetal tone
fluid volume
fetal reaction
Term
Braxton hicks contractions
Definition
painless contractions
Term
supine hypotensive syndrome
Definition
enlarged uterus puts pressure on deep veins of pelvis, resulting in venous stasis in lower extremities
causes:
hypotension, dizziness, pale skin


lie on side
Term
physiologic anemia of pregnancy
Definition
increase in blood volume dilutes the amount of hemoglobin and results in iron deficiency
Term
urinary system 1st triemester
Definition
frequency- uterus sits on bladder
Term
second trimester urinary system
Definition
frequency relieved because uterus has elevated out of pelvis
Term
3rd trimester urinary system
Definition
infant descends into pelvis and presses on bladder
Term
morning sickness usually ends at
Definition
12 weeks
Term
linea nigra
Definition
line on abdomen
Term
chloasma
Definition
mas of pregnancy
Term
striae gravidarum
Definition
stretch marks
Term
prolactin
Definition
milk
Term
oxytocin
Definition
uterine contractions and let-down reflex
Term
naegele's rule
Definition
subtract 3 months and add 7 days to first day of last period
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