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Unit 2: Biological Psychology
semester 1 final
29
Psychology
12th Grade
01/17/2010

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Cards

Term
central nervous system
Definition
brain and spinal chord
Term
dendrite
Definition
fiber that receives signals from axons of other neurons and carries those signals to the cell body
Term
axon
Definition
fiber that carries signals away from cell body out to where communication occurs with other neurons
Term
action potential
Definition
wave of electrochemical changes that travels down an axon when a neuron becomes depolarized
Term
neurotransmitter
Definition
chemical messenger that transfers signals from one neuron to another
Term
autonomic nervous system
Definition
peripheral; carries messages between CNS and heart, lungs, glands, etc.; autonomous because we don't think about it
Term
afferent neurons
Definition
sensory neurons in spinal chord
Term
efferent neurons
Definition
motor neurons in spinal chord
Term
reticular formation
Definition
connects hindbrain and midbrain; associated with attention and arousal
Term
hypothalamus
Definition
hunger, thirst, sex drive
Term
cerebral cortex
Definition
outer surface of brain
Term
association cortex
Definition
part of cerebral cortex; receives info from senses and combines sensory and motor info to perform cognitive tasks
Term
striatum
Definition
helps you begin movements smoothly
Term
occipital lobes
Definition
back, bottom of brain
Term
neurons
Definition
cells that rapidly respond to other neurons' signals and produce signals of their own
Term
glial cells
Definition
(glue) hold neurons together, help them communicate with each other
Term
myelin
Definition
fatty substance that wraps around axons and speeds the action potential
Term
depolarization
Definition
charged molecules flow into the neuron and cause the action potential
Term
amygdala
Definition
associates features of stimuli from 2 different senses
Term
synapse
Definition
gap between neurons across which they communicate
Term
peripheral nervous system
Definition
parts of nervous system not housed in bone; sensory and motor functions
Term
cerebellum
Definition
control finely coordinated movements (threading a needle) but maybe also rehearsed movements (dancing)
Term
medulla
Definition
blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, vitals etc.
Term
suprachiasmatic nucleus
Definition
circadian rhythms
Term
limbic system
Definition
amygdala and hippocampus--memory and emotion
Term
somatic nervous system
Definition
transmits info from senses to CNS, carries signals from CNS to muscles
Term
broca's area
Definition
controls facial muscles
Term
wernicke's area
Definition
interpretation of speech and written words
Term
parietal lobes
Definition
middle, back of brain
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