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Understanding the clinical significance of skin lesions
N/A
24
Veterinary Medicine
Graduate
03/02/2015

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Pruritus
Definition
may be no lesions. Hair plucks may show normal anagen haird with broken tips
Term
Excoriation
Definition

 

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Lesions produced by self trauma

may be mild to severe with extensive trauma

Term
Alopecia
Definition

hair loss without replacement- decreased coat densitiy with or without bald skin

- does not mean excess shedding

Term
Focal to multifocal alopecia
Definition

single or multiple disecrete patches

non-symmetrical and usually well demarcated

Term
Symmetrical alopecia
Definition

symmetrical

 

Term
Diffuse and complete Alopecia
Definition

Diffuse: poorly demarcated, thinning of coat

Complete: well demarcated and areas of complete hair loss

Term
Inflammatory alopecia
Definition

- may see excoriation, erythema, exudate

focal to multifocal

well demarcated

non symmetrical

broken hairs

anagen hairs

 

Term
Types of Alopecia
Definition

focal to multifocal

diffuse and complete

symmetrical

inflammatory

non inflammatory

Term
Non inflammatory alopecia
Definition

underlying skin normal to atrophic

- intact telogen hairs

 

Term
Scaling
Definition

accumulation of keratinocytes

primary scaling associated with keratinisation disorders

secondary scaling- more common- assoc. with any disease that effects skin turnover. 

Term
Seborrhoea
Definition

 

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greasy accum. of sebum and exudate on the skin surface

- may be malodourous if infected and inflammed- seborrheoic dermatitis

Term
Lichenification
Definition

 

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Thickening of skin

Acanthosis: thickening of epidermis

Hyperkeratosis: Orthokeratosis-no nuclei, parakeratosis-retained nuclei

- assoc. with chronic inflammation.

Term
Fissure
Definition

split in lichenified and or crusted skin

often painful and vulnerable to infection

 

Term
Papules, plaques and nodules
Definition

papule <1cm; nodule >1cm

plaque- flat topped

Term
Wheal
Definition

 

[image]

 

Elevated patch of skin associated with dermal oedema

subcut oedema causes more severe swelling 

- should be pitting

- type 1 hypersensivity- reactions involving with histamine release

Term
cyst
Definition

- enclosed epithelial lined cavity containing fuid or semi-fluid material

- neoplastic or developmental

sweat gland cyst-usually blueish tinged

Term
Pustules and Vesicles
Definition

pustule- pus filled

vesicle < 1cm or bulla > 1cm

 

rapidly rupture will leave epidermal collarettes and crusts

Term
Crust
Definition

accum of dried exudate- blood , serum and or pus

Term
epidermal collarette
Definition
not really a remnant of pustule, cause staph can release toxins that split the skin apart.
Term
Erosions and ulcers
Definition

Erosion: basement membrane intact, heals by re-epithelisation

 

ulcer: loss of BM exposing dermis- heals with scar

Term
Sinus or fistula
Definition

sinus- draining tracts connecting to deeper tissues with surface- often ulcerated and under run

 

Fistulas: connect two epithelial lined compatments

Term
Erythema
Definition

increase blood flow-blanches, if not then haemorrhage

Term
Pigmentation
Definition

hyperpigmentation- increased, usually post inflamm or endocrinopathies

 

Hypopigmentation: loss, aging change, immune mediated diseases

Term
Comedome
Definition

[image]

 

dilated hair follicle plugged with epidermal and sebaceous debris

- keratinastion disorders

- hyperadrenocorticism

- demodex

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