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Details Title Trust, Justice, and Ethics Description Test 2 Total Cards 45 Subject Accounting Created 04/06/2009

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Cards

Term Trust	Definition Willingness to be vulnerable to an authority based on positive expectations about the authority's actions and intentions. The willingness to "put yourself out there". Risk is the actual act of making oneself vulnerable.
Term Justice	Definition perceived fairness of an authority's decision making
Term Ethics	Definition degree to which the behaviors of an authority are in accordance with generally accepted moral norms
Term Disposition-based	Definition personality traits include a general propensity to trust others Trust propensity- a general expectation that the words, promises, and statements of individuals and groups can be relied upon. comes from both nature and nurture -rooted in individual's trust propensity
Term Cognition-based	Definition rooted in a rational assessment of the authority's trustworthiness *driven by the authorities track record gauged on competence, character, ad benevolence
Term Affect-based	Definition depends on feelings toward the authority that go beyond any rational assessment--- trust because we like them, more emotional than rational in new relationships gets based on our own trust propensity- then gets supplemented with knowledge about competence, character, and benevolence- cognition-based trust develops -fondness
Term Employees can judge the fairness of an authority's decision making along four dimensions:	Definition distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational justice
Term Benevolence	Definition defined as the belief that the authority wants to do good for the trustor, apart from any selfish or profit-centered motives ie a mentor
Term Distributive Justice	Definition reflects the perceived fairness of decision-making outcomes -gauge whether decision outcomes, such as pay, rewards, evaluations, promotions, and work assignments are allocated using proper norms such as equity norms
Term Procedural Justice	Definition the perceived fairness of decision-making processes- fostered when authorities adhere to rules of fair process. *voice *correctability- employees can request an appeal when a procedure seems to have worked ineffectively. -sense of ownership
Term Procedural Justice is fostered by four rules that serve to create equal employment opportunity...	Definition voice, correctability,consistency, bias suppression, representativeness, and accuracy rules
Term Procedural justice has little impact on reactions when distributive justice is high	Definition
Term Procedural justice tends to be a stronger driver of reactions to authorities than distributive justice. Why?	Definition procedural justice was a stronger predictor of satisfaction with supervision, overall job satisfaction, and organizational commitment than distributive justice. *because employees understand outcomes come and go- procedures are more long--lasting
Term Interpersonal justice	Definition the perceived fairness of the treatment received by employees from authorities
Term 2 interpersonal justice rules	Definition Respect rule Propriety rule
Term Respect Rule	Definition authorities treat employees in a dignified and sincere manner
Term Propriety rule	Definition authorities refrain from making improper or offensive remarks
Term In a survey, positive interactions were more common than negative interactions, but effects of negative interactions on mood were 5 times stronger	Definition
Term Violations of interpersonal justice rules reduce employees' job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and organizational commitment, while increasing depression, anxiety, and burnout	Definition
Term Informational Justice	Definition perceived fairness of the communications provided to employees from authorities
Term 2 Informational justice rules	Definition Justification rule- mandates that authorities explain decision-making procedures and outcomes in a comprehensive and reasonable manner Truthfulness rule- requires that those communications be honest and candid
Term Correlation between all 4 justice forms and employee trust levels	Definition strong
Term Ethics	Definition research seeks to explain when people behave in a manner consistent with generally accepted norms of morality, and why some violate those norms.
Term whistle-blowing	Definition exceed minimum standards of morality; occurs when employees expose illegal actions by their employer.
Term Four component model of ethical decision making	Definition moral awareness, moral judgment, moral intent, and ethical behavior
Term Moral Awareness	Definition occurs when an authority recognizes that a moral issue exists in a situation
Term Ethical sensitivity	Definition ability to recognize that a particular decision has ethical content- giving ppl a business case to read with subtle ethical issues and see who recognizes them
Term Moral intensity	Definition degree to which the issue has ethical urgency. driven by 6 factors: magnitude of consequences, social consensus, probability of effect, temporal immediacy, proximity, concentration of effect
Term Moral judgment	Definition when the authority accurately identifies the morally "right" course of action -affected by Kohlberg's theory of cognitive moral development
Term States of Cognitive Moral Development	Definition Preconventional:1 Avoid Punishment; 2. Maintain exchange relationships Conventional: 3. Earn the approval of others; 4. Follow rules and laws; Principled: 5. Protect Individuals' Rights; 6. Follow Universal Principles (fewer than 20% of adults reach principled)
Term Ethical ideologies	Definition principles individuals use during ethical decision making
Term Relativism	Definition ideology that rejects the notion of universal moral rules
Term Utilitarianism	Definition ideology where ethical actions are defined as those that achieve the most valuable ends
Term idealism	Definition embraces the notion of universal moral rules (Stage 6)
Term formalism	Definition ethical actions are defined using a set of guiding principles
Term moral intent	Definition reflects an authority's degree of commitment to the moral course of action. Assuming an authority recognizes that a moral issue exists in a situation and possesses the cognitive moral development to choose the right course of action. They WANT to act ethically.
Term moral identity	Definition the degree to which a person sees him- or herself as a moral person -driven by situational factors- on-the-job pressures
Term Trust and Job Performance	Definition moderate positive effect- employees willing to be vulnerable to authorities have higher job performance- engage in citizenship behavior and less counterproductive behavior
Term ability to focus	Definition reflects the degree to which employees can devote their attention to work
Term Trust and Organizational Commitment	Definition strong positive; increases the likelihood that an emotional bond will develop--- high levels of affective and normative commitment
Term Trust Propensity	Definition a general expectation that the words, promises, and statements of individuals and groups can be relied upon
Term Trustworthiness	Definition the characteristics or attributes of a trustee that inspire trust -Ability, Integrity, Benevolence
Term Ability	Definition the skills, competencies, and areas of expertise that enable an authority to be successful in some specific area
Term Integrity	Definition the perception that the authority adheres to a set of values and principles that the trustor finds acceptable (good character)
Term Kohlberg's theory of cognitive moral development	Definition as people age and mature they move through several stages of moral development- each more mature and sophisticated than the prior one

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