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Trimester 3 Science Flash Cards
Trimester 3 Flash Cards for science!
151
Science
7th Grade
06/13/2011

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Cards

Term
Name the 3 segments of a grasshopper's body.
Definition
-Head
-Thorax
-Abdomen
Term
What are the three pairs of legs of grasshoppers?
Definition
-Fore leg (walking leg)
-Middle leg (walking leg)
-Hind leg (jumping legs)
Term
What type of eyes do grasshoppers have?
Definition
Compound eyes
Term
What are the functions of grasshopper antennae?
Definition
To sense touch and odors
Term
What is the function of the mandibles?
Definition
To crush the food
Term
What is the function of a grasshopper's palps?
Definition
To grasp the food
Term
What are the mandibles of a grasshopper?
Definition
the "jaws"
Term
What are the palps of a grasshopper?
Definition
the long, segmented mouth parts
Term
What are spiracles and where are they located?
Definition
Spiracles are the series of holes located along both sides of the abdomen.
Term
What is the function of spiracles?
Definition
Spiracles are used to breathe.
Term
What are the two pairs of wings found on a grasshopper?
Definition
Forewing and Hindwing
Term
How many individual wings are on a grasshopper?
Definition
Four individual wings. There are 2 hindwings and 2 forewings
Term
What is the function of the forewing?
Definition
The forewing covers the hindwing. It also assists in flight.
Term
What is the function of the hindwing?
Definition
To fly
Term
What are the four stages of complete metamorphosis in insects?
Definition
-Egg
-Larva
-Pupa
-Adult
Term
What are three types of insects that undergo complete metamorphosis?
Definition
-Butterfly
-Beetle
-Mosquito
Term
What are the three stages of incomplete metamorphosis in insects?
Definition
-Egg
-Nymph
-Adult
Term
What are two types of insects that undergo incomplete metamorphosis?
Definition
-Grasshopper
-Dragonfly
Term
What do insects due to their exoskeleton in order to increase in size?
Definition
Insects molt their exoskeleton in order to increase in size.
Term
What are the two types of eyes the typical insect has?
Definition
-Compound eyes
-Simple eyes
Term
What are the three main characteristics of arthropods?
Definition
-Exoskeleton
-Segmented body
-Jointed appendages
Term
What are three examples of crustaceans?
Definition
-Crabs
-Lobsters
-Barnacles
Term
What are the four groups of arthropods?
Definition
-Crustaceans
-Spiders and their relatives
-Centipedes and Millipedes
-Insects
Term
Name the levels of a food pyramid, from the bottom to top.
Definition
-Producers
-Primary Consumer
-Secondary Consumer
Term
In a food pyramid, which level has the most organisms? The least?
Definition
Most - Producers
Least - Tertiary consumers
Term
In a food pyramid, which level has the least energy available? The most?
Definition
The most - Producers
The least - Tertiary Consumers
Term
What term is used to describe the herbivores in a food pyramid?
Definition
Primary consumers
Term
What terms are used to describe the carnivores in a food pyramid?
Definition
Secondary consumers and Tertiary Consumers
Term
What mammal groups live entirely in the water?
Definition
Manatees, dugongs, and cetaceans
Term
Where does a placental mammal's embryo (baby) develop?
Definition
The embryo (baby) develops in the placenta.
Term
Which group of mammals lays eggs?
Definition
Monotremes lay eggs.
Term
Which groups of mammals have a pouch for their young?
Definition
Marsupials have a pouch for their developing young.
Term
What is a characteristic shared by both monotremes and marsupials?
Definition
They both produce milk, for ALL mammals produce milk
Term
What group of mammals does Perry the Platypus belong to?
Definition
Perry the Platypus is a monotreme. Perry can lay eggs!
Term
What is the only marsupial that lives in America?
Definition
The opossum is the only marsupial that lives in America.
Term
Large brains help mammals survive by allowing them to...
Definition
think and learn quickly
Term
What are three characteristics that are unique to mammals?
Definition
-Hair
-Specialized Teeth
-Mammary glands
Term
What are the three types of mammal teeth?
Definition
-Incisors
-Canines
-Molars
Term
What is the function of incisors? (teeth)
Definition
To cut
Term
What is the function of canines? (teeth)
Definition
To stab.
Term
What is the function of molars? (teeth)
Definition
To grind
Term
Would an herbivore have canines?
Definition
No, herbivores eat plants. Canines are very sharp teeth, and would only be useful for eating meat. Herbivores would have many more molars than canines.
Term
What group of birds does not have a large keel?
Definition
Flightless birds do not have a large keel
Term
Why do some water fowl have long legs?
Definition
Long legs are used for wading in the water.
Term
What are the four groups of birds?
Definition
-Flightless Birds
-Water Fowl
-Perching Birds
-Birds of Prey
Term
What is an example of a flightless bird?
Definition
A penguin is a flightless bird.
Term
What is an example of Water Fowl?
Definition
A duck.
Term
What is an example of a Perching Bird?
Definition
A cockatiel
Term
What is an example of a Bird of Prey?
Definition
A hawk
Term
To what group do songbirds belong to?
Definition
Songbirds belong to the perching birds group
Term
What is an example of a Bird of Prey?
Definition
A hawk
Term
To what group do songbirds belong to?
Definition
Songbirds belong to the perching birds group
Term
Do down feathers help birds fly?
Definition
No. Only contour feathers help birds fly. Down feathers are for insulation!
Term
What are three flight adaptations in birds?
Definition
-Hollow bones
-Air sacs
-Rapidly beating heart
Term
Describe the path taken by a bird's food as it moves through the digestive system of a bird.
Definition
1. Food goes from mouth to crop
- Crop stores food
2. Food goes to gizzard
- Small stones inside grind up the food
3. Food goes to intestines and is digested
Term
How does the air around a bird's wing cause lift?
Definition
The top of the wing is lengthier than the bottom. However, the air traveling over and under the wing needs to meet at the same time. So, air travels faster when moving over the wing, thus creating low pressure. On the bottom, the air moves slower, thus creating high pressure. The high pressure pushes the wing up, further creating lift.
Term
What are two ways that birds use their contour feathers?
Definition
-Flying
-Attracting mates
Term
What are down feathers used for in birds?
Definition
Insulation
Term
What are the 5 characteristics of birds?
Definition
-Have wings
-Feathers
-Beak
-Hollow Bones
-Lay Eggs
Term
To what class do birds belong to? (in terms of classification)
Definition
Aves
Term
What does the name "Archaeopteryx" mean?
Definition
Archae- Ancient
opteryx - Wing
Term
Who discovered he Archaeopteryx?
Definition
Hermann von Meyer discovered the Archaeopteryx in Germany.
Term
What kind of stone was the Archaeopteryx fossil preserved in?
Definition
Limestone
Term
What is the scientific name of the archaeopteryx?
Definition
Archaeopteryx lithographica (underlined!!)
Term
What is the chemical equation for photosyntehsis?
Definition
6 CO*2 + 6 H*2 O = C*6 H*12 0*6 + 6 0*2
Term
How are photosynthesis and respiration related?
Definition
Photosynthesis makes the food, and respiration creates energy from that food.
Term
What type of succession would begin if a glacier had just melted away?
Definition
Primary Succession, for there would be no soil base.
Term
What is the gradual change from one community of organism to another?
Definition
Ecological Succession
Term
What is the type of succession that would begin if a forest had been just destroyed by a fire?
Definition
Secondary Succession, for there would be a soil base.
Term
What are the first organisms to move into a disturbed environment called?
Definition
Pioneer Species
Term
A community that tends to remain the same and is in the final stage of succession is called what?
Definition
A Climax Community
Term
Make sure to study the diagram of a leaf!
Definition
SIR YES SIR!
Term
MAKE SURE TO STUDY THE DIAGRAM OF A FLOWER!
Definition
OKAAY DOKEEYYY
Term
What is the male reproductive part of a flower?
Definition
Stamen
Term
What is the female reproductive part of a flower?
Definition
Pistil
Term
What are three ways that seeds and spores are spread?
Definition
-Wind
-Animals/Insects
-Water
Term
What is one advantage of seed plants?
Definition
The young plants are nourished by food stored in the seed
Term
What are the three parts of a seed?
Definition
-Sporophyte - the young plant
-Cotyledon - leaves that contain the stored food
-Seed Coat - surrounds & protects the young plant
Term
What is the difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms?
Definition
Angiosperms - Have seed coat; fruits and flowers
Gymnosperms - NO seed coat (gymno = naked)
Term
What is the function of a plant's stoma?
Definition
A plant's stoma allows gas exchange to occur. They also do transpiration(release water vapor)
Term
LOOK AT YOUR STOMA DIAGRAMS!
Definition
KAAAY
Term
This plant part transports materials up.
Definition
Xylem. (xy you're high, phlo you're low)
Term
What is the plant part that transports material down?
Definition
Phloem (xy you're high, phlo you're low!)
Term
LOOK AT YOUR ROOT DIAGRAMS
Definition
Will do.
Term
Describe a fibrous root system
Definition
-Has several main roots
-Usually found in monocots
Term
Describe the Taproot System.
Definition
-Have one main root
-Found in dicots and gymnosperms
Term
Describe the Taproot System.
Definition
-Have one main root
-Found in dicots and gymnosperms
Term
What are three functions of the stem?
Definition
-Transport materials
-Support the plant
-Storage
Term
What is the type of stem that is soft, thin, and flexible? It also lasts for only one growing season.
Definition
Herbaceous stems
Term
What is a rigid stem made of wood and bark that usually lives for more than one growing season?
Definition
Woody stem
Term
What is a root-like structure that holds nonvascular plants in place and obtains water and nutrients?
Definition
Rhizoid
Term
What is an underground stem that produces new leaves, shoots , and stems?
Definition
Rhizome
Term
What is a type of seed plant that DOES NOT have a protective seed coat?
Definition
A gymnosperm
Term
What are the seed plants that DO have a protective seed coat? They also all produce flowers.
Definition
Angiosperms
Term
What are plants that DO NOT have transportation tubes?
Definition
Non-vascular plants
Term
What are plants that DO have transportation tubes?
Definition
Vascular plant
Term
What is growth of all or part of an organism in response to an external stimulus, such as light?
Definition
Tropism
Term
What is the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food?
Definition
Respiration
Term
What is a class of angiosperms that has one cotyledon and produces plants with parallel veins?
Definition
Monocot
Term
What is a class of angiosperms that has two cotyledons and produces plants with branching veins?
Definition
Dicot
Term
Describe the relationship between leafcutter ants, leaves, and fungus.
Definition
Leaf-cutter ants collect the leaves of the rainforest, and they store them in a "garden". A symbiotic relationship between the ants and fungus is formed when the ants place fungal hyphae on the leaves. The ants have fed the fungi with the leaves. before full maturity, the fungi will help the ants by acting as food for those ants. Thus, a symbiotic relationship exists.
Term
What are the proper growing conditions for fungi?
Definition
-Temperature
-Moisture
-Food Source
Term
Why is yeast dissolved in warm water before baking bread?
Definition
The yeast cells need warm water to become active. They will then breathe. The exhaled carbon dioxide gets trapped in the bread dough, thus creating little air sacs. The bread will then rise to a loaf.
Term
What two substances make up lichen in a symbiotic relationship?
Definition
Lichen is a symbiotic relationship between algae and fungi.
Term
Who discovered Penicillin?
Definition
Sir Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin.
Term
What is a tangled mass of hyphae?
Definition
Mycellium
Term
What are fungi that obtain nourishment from nonliving material?
Definition
Saprophytes
Term
What is the special type of chemical reaction that yeast carries out to create energy from sugar?
Definition
Fermentation
Term
Name the four basic forms of fungus.
Definition
-Sac
-Club
-Threadlike
-Imperfect
Term
One example of sac fungi
Definition
Yeast
Term
How does yeast reproduce?
Definition
Yeast reproduce by budding.
Term
Is yeast unicellular or multicellular?
Definition
Yeast is UNIcellular
Term
STUDY YOUR CLUB FUNGI DIAGRAM!
Definition
ooooh okaaaayy
Term
Two example of club fungi
Definition
-Mushroom
-Bracket fungi
Term
How do mushrooms reproduce?
Definition
Mushrooms reproduce by using spores that are produced under the cap (in the gills)
Term
What is an example of threadlike fungi?
Definition
Mold
Term
What is the ONLY type of fungi that may be unicellular?
Definition
Sac Fungi (yeast is unicellular)
Term
How do molds reproduce?
Definition
Their spore case explodes.
Term
What is the scientific name of Penicillin?
Definition
Penicillium notatum (underlined)
Term
What is a nonvascular plantlike organism that has no chlorophyll?
Definition
Fungus
Term
Are fungi autotrophs or heterotrophs?
Definition
Fungi are heterotrophs.
Term
How do amoeba move?
Definition
Amoeba move with pseudopods.
Term
How do paramecium move?
Definition
Paramecium move with cillia.
Term
How do euglena move?
Definition
Euglena move with flagella.
Term
How do volvox move?
Definition
Volvox move with flagella.
Term
What is a colonial protozoan? (lives in colonies)
Definition
Volvox
Term
What is the function of the contractile vacuole?
Definition
To pump out excess water
Term
What are the functions of a macro-nucleus and a micro-nucleus.
Definition
Micro-nucleus: Controls reproduction
Macro-nucleus: Controls all other functions
Term
What does the eyespot of Euglena do?
Definition
It detects light.
Term
What converts light into sugar via photosynthesis?
Definition
Chloroplasts
Term
What is the hard membrane that gives shape and protection to protozoa?
Definition
Pellicle
Term
What helps protozoa obtain/take in food?
Definition
Oral Groove
Term
What empties waste materials in protozoa?
Definition
Anal pore
Term
Another name for plant-like protists
Definition
Phytoflagellates
Term
What are the three groups of protist?
Definition
-Protist Producers - Plantlike- (Phytoflagellates)
-Heterotrophs that can move - Animal like - (Protozoans)
-Heterotrophs that can't move - fungus-like
Term
What are the three groups of protist?
Definition
-Protist Producers - Plantlike- (Phytoflagellates)
-Heterotrophs that can move - Animal like - (Protozoans)
-Heterotrophs that can't move - fungus-like
Term
What are the three groups of protist?
Definition
-Protist Producers - Plantlike- (Phytoflagellates)
-Heterotrophs that can move - Animal like - (Protozoans)
-Heterotrophs that can't move - fungus-like
Term
What is a protist with an eyespot?
Definition
Euglena
Term
What is a protist with pseudopods?
Definition
Amoeba
Term
2 functions of pseudopods?
Definition
-Movement
-Pull & surround food into their body
Term
Name a protist with cilia.
Definition
Paramecium
Term
2 functions of cilia?
Definition
-Movement
-Sense surroundings
Term
What group of protists reproduce with spores?
Definition
Fungus-like, or heterotrophs that can't move, protist
Term
What is a many-celled chain of fungi?
Definition
Hyphae
Term
How are fungi able to withstand periods of cold and drought?
Definition
Their very thick cell walls protect them
Term
True or false: All fungi are prokaryotic.
Definition
FALSE! All fungi are eukaryotic.
Term
What does algae do in the symbiotic relationship of lichen with fungi?
Definition
Produces food
Term
What does the fungi do in the symbiotic relationship of lichen with algae?
Definition
Prevents it from drying out
Term
Are algae autotrophs or heterotrophs?
Definition
Autotrophs. They produce their own food!
Term
Why are decomposers, like fungi, so important to our ecosystem?
Definition
They are the nature's recyclers and return vital nutrients to the soil.
Term
Do grasshoppers do incomplete or complete metamorphosis?
Definition
Complete metamorphosis.
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