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Totora Chapter 8
The Appendicular Skeleton
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/04/2011

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Term
carpus
Definition

wrist, consist of 8 small bones called carpal bones. Held together by ligaments. Arranged in 2 rows each consisting of 4 bones. Named according to shaped.

Term
Proximal Row of Carpal bones
Definition

1.     Scaphoid- boat like shaped

2.     Lunate- moon shaped

3.     Triquetrum- 3 corner bone

4.     Pisiform- pea shaped

Term
Distral Row of Carpals
Definition

1.     Trapezium- 4 sided non of them parallel

2.     Trapezoid- 4 sided with 2 parallel

3.     Capitate- head shaped

4.     Hamate- hook

Term
what is the largest carpal bone
Definition
capitate
Term
where do the majority (70%) of all hand fractures occur
Definition
scaphoid bone
Term
Carpal tunnel
Definition

space that is formed between the pisiform and hamate(medial borders) and the scaphoid and trapezium( lateral borders) of the wrist. Median nerve runs through this tunnel and when the tendons of the wrist place pressure on this nerve due to repeatedly using your  wrist  it causes pain.

 

Term
metacarpals
Definition

palm

5  each bone has a base, a shaft and a head, know numbering 1-5 start with thumb.

Term
phalanges
Definition
14 bones over 5 digits. Each of the 4 fingers minus thumb has 3 small bones associated with them. Thumb has 2. Know numbering same as metacarpals.
Term
phalanx
Definition
means single bone of a phallange
Term
pollex
Definition
thumb
Term
Pelvis girdle
Definition

consists of 3 bones:

1.     Ilium- upper larger portion forms part of the acetabulum. Provides muscle attachement for legs, hips thighs.

2.     Ischium- inferior posterior protion. Attachment for back of legs. It’s the part u sit on

3.     Pubis- anterior inferior portion, both bones unite in center to form pubic symphysis

Term
Tarsus
Definition
ankle
Term
Tarsal Bones (7)
Definition
  1. Talus
  2. calcaneus
  3. navicular
  4. 1st cuneiform
  5. 2nd cuneiform
  6. 3rd cuneform
  7. cuboid
Term
Talus
Definition

 meets with tibia and fibula. Allows for plantar and dorsi flextion

Term
Calcaneus
Definition
heel. largest &  strongest of foot bones
Term
navicular
Definition

anterior to the talus, anterior borders are covered by the cuneiform bone

Term
cuneiform bones
Definition
3 named 1st 2nd and 3rd cuneiform bones starts medial and goes laterally. All are anterior to the navicular bones
Term
cuboid
Definition

most lateral articulates with calcaneous posteriorly and anteriorly touches the 4th and 5th metatarsals.

Term
metatarsals
Definition
5 numbered 1-5 starts with big toe medial to lateral
Term
phalanges
Definition
14 total. Same set up as in hand proximal, middle, distal. 1-5
Term
hallux
Definition
big toe
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