Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Top 200 (1-10)
IPPE (Miles) Brand/Generic/MOA/SE/Schedule
20
Pharmacology
Professional
09/16/2011

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Hydrocodone/APAP

Definition

Lorcet®, Lortab®, Norco®, Vicodin®, hycet™, Margesic® H, Maxidone®, Stagesic®, Xodol®, Zamicet®, Zydone®

 

MOA: APAP: inhibits prostaglandin synthesis to produce the analgesic effects, exact mechanism of action unknown, Hydrocodone: binds to various opioid receptors, producing analgesia and sedation by causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways

 

Schedule: C-III

Term

 

 

 

Side Effects of Hydrocodone/APAP

Definition

Common SE: Lightheadedness, dizziness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness, psychomotor impairment, rash, pruritis, dependence, tolerance

 

Serious SE: respiratory depression, hepatotoxicity, abuse, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hypersensitivity rxn, anaphylaxis

Term

 

 

 

Lisinopril

Definition

Prinivil®, Zestril®

 

MOA: Competative inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, results in lower levels of angiotensin II which causes an increase in plasma renin activity and a reduction in aldosterone secretion

Term

 

 

 

 

Side Effects of Lisinopril

Definition

Common SE: dizziness, elevated BUN, elevated SCr, headache, diarrhea, hypotension, URI, cough, fatigue, abdominal pain, hyperkalemia, photosensitivity

 

Serious SE: anaphylactoid rxn, angioedema, renal impairment, renal failure, hepatotoxicity, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, pancreatitis, SJS, SIADH, oligohydramnios, fetal/neonatal harm or death, congenital malformations

Term

 

 

 

Simvastatin

Definition

Zocor®

 

MOA: Acts by competitively inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis

 

Term

 

 

 

Side Effects of Simvastatin

Definition

Common SE: Abdominal pain, constipation, URI symptoms, flatulence, diarrhea, asthenia, myalgia, elevated CK, elevated liver transaminases

 

Serious SE: myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, hypersensitivity rxns, anaphylaxis, angioedema, lupus, polymyalgia rheumatics, dermatomyositis, vasculitis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, photosensitivity, TEN, SJS, interstitial lung dz

Term

 

 

 

 

Levothyroxine

Definition

Levothroid®, Levoxyl®, Synthroid®, Unithroid®

 

MOA: Synthetic T4; Exerts its metabolic effects through control of DNA transcription and protein synthesis; involved in normal metabolism, growth, and development; promotes gluconeogenesis, increases utilization and mobilization of glycogen stores, and stimulates protein synthesis, increases basal metabolic rate

Term

 

 

 

 

Side Effects of Levothyroxine

Definition

Common SE: palpitations, appetite incr., tachycardia, nervousness, tremor, weight loss, diaphoresis, abdominal cramps, insomnia, fever, headache, alopecia, heat intolerance, menstrual irregularities, nausea, anxiety

 

Serious SE: arrhythmias, CHF, HTN, angina, pseudotumor cerebri, craniosynostosis, premature epiphyseal closure, seizures

Term

 

 

 

Amoxicillin

Definition

Amoxil®, Moxatag®

 

MOA: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. Bacteria will eventually lyse due to ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes while cell wass assembly is arrested

Term

 

 

 

Side Effects of Amoxicillin

Definition

Common SE: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, urticaria, eosinophilia, elevated liver transaminases, black hairy tongue, oral candidiasis

 

Serious SE: hypersensitivity rxn, anaphylaxis, serum sickness-like rxn, erythema multiforme, SJS, TEN, exfoliative dermatitis, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, superinfection, C. diff, hepatotoxicity, interstitial nephritis

Term

 

 

 

Amlodipine besylate

Definition

Norvasc®

 

MOA: Inhibits calcium ion from entering the "slow channels" or select voltage-sensitive areas of vascular smooth muscle and myocardium during depolarization, producing a relaxation of coronary vascular smooth muscle and coronary vasodilation; increases myocardial oxygen delivery in patients with vasospastic angina

Term

 

 

 

Side Effects of Amlodipine besylate

Definition

Common SE: peripheral edema, headache, fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, nausea, flushing

 

Serious SE: angina exacerbation, MI, acute hypotension, hepatitis, allergic rxn, erythema multiforme

Term

 

 

 

Azithromycin

Definition

AzaSite®, Zithromax®, Zmax®

 

MOA: Inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis at the chain elongation step; binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit resulting in blockage of transpeptidation

Term

 

 

 

Side Effects of Azithromycin

Definition

Common SE: diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, vaginitis, dyspepsia, dizziness, rash, vomiting, anorexia, pruritis

 

Serious SE: angioedema, anaphylaxis, cholestatic jaundice, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, SJS, TEN, C. diff, QT prolongation, torsades de pointes, myasthenia gravis exacerbation

Term

 

 

 

Alprazolam

Definition

Xanax®, Xanax® XR, Niravam®

 

MOA: Binds to stereospecific benzodiazepine receptors on the postsynaptic GABA neuron at several sites within the central nervous system, including inhibitory effect of GABA on neuronal membrane permeable to chloride ions. This shift in chloride ions results in hyperpolarization (a less excitable state) and stabilization

 

Schedule: C-IV

Term

 

 

 

Side Effects of Alprazolam

Definition

Common SE: drowsiness, fatigue, impaired coordination, irritability, amnesia, appetite change, confusion, dysarthria, dizziness, impaired concentration, dry mouth, libido changes, urinary retention, menstrual irregularities, sialorrhea, hypotension, rash, diplopia, elevated LFTs, disinhibition, incontinence

 

Serious SE: respiratory depression, abuse, seizures, withdrawal with abrupt D/C, seizures, suicidality, tachycardia, hypotension, syncope, paridoxical CNS stimulation, hepatotoxicity

Term

 

 

 

Hydrochlorothiazide

Definition

Microzide®

 

MOA: Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules causing increased excretion of sodium and water as well as potassium and hydrogen ions

Term

 

 

 

Side Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide

Definition

Common SE: hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, anorexia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, weakness, muscle cramps, photosensitivity, rash, sexual dysfxn

 

Serious SE: electrolyte imbalance, arrhythmias, cholestatic jaundice, pancreatitis, anaphylaxis, necrotizing angitis, erythema multiforme, SJS, TEN, photosensitivity, renal failure, interstitial nephritis, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, SLE exacerbation, secondary angle-closure glaucoma

Term

 

 

 

Omeprazole

Definition

Prilosec®

 

MOA: Proton pump inhibitor; suppresses gastric basal and stimulated acid secretion by inhibiting the parietal cell H+/K+ ATP pump

Term

 

 

 

Side Effects of Omeprazole

Definition

Common SE: headache, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, flatulence, fever, URI sx

 

Serious SE: blood dyscrasias, hepatic impairment, SJS, TEN, erythema multiforme, pancreatitis, interstitial nephritis, fractures, hypomagnesmia, atrophic gastritis

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