Shared Flashcard Set

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Tollon Module 4 & 5
M 4 & 5
40
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 3
02/17/2014

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the origin of neutrophils and where do they go from there?
Definition
produced in the bone marrow,
released into blood, circulate briefly, and migrate into tissue spaces or on to epithelial surfaces such as those in the respiratory, digestive, or urogenital tracts
Term
What is the transit time for neutrophils?
Definition
4-6 days
Term
How long does the marrow maintain mature neutrophils in storage?
Definition
a 5 day supply
Term
What are Colony-Stimulating Factors?
Definition
They govern the proliferation and maturation of immature neutrophils in the marrow
Term
What produces and releases CSFs?
Definition
Injury or bacterial invasion of tissue
Term
What is Granulopoiesis?
Definition
continuum of cell division, differentiation, and maturation
Term
How long do neutrophils circulate in the blood for?
Definition
10 hours
Term
What are the two compartments that neutrophils go into?
Definition
circulating neutrophil pool and
a marginal neutrophil pool
Term
What do the neutrophils in the circulating pool do?
Definition
circulate with other blood cells and are measured in the CBC
Term
What is the function of the marginal neutrophil pool?
Definition
consists of neutrophils that
adhere intermittently to endothelium especially in small veins and capillaries. These cells are not counted in the CBC
Term
Which neutrophil pool is counted in the CBC?
Definition
Circulating neutrophil pool
Term
What is the ratio of neutrophils in the circulating to marginal pools for dogs?
Definition
1:1
Term
What is the ratio of neutrophils in the circulating to marginal pools for cats?
Definition
1:3
Term
How long do neutrophils survive for in tissues?
Definition
1-4 days
Term
What is apoptosis?
Definition
programmed cell death
Term
How are neutrophils destroyed?
Definition
by the liver, spleen, and bone marrow by resident macrophages
Term
What are factors that influence the numbers of circulating neutrophils?
Definition
–Bone marrow production and release.
–Exchange between circulating neutrophil pool Exchange between circulating neutrophil pool
and marginal neutrophil pool.
– Migration into tissue
Term
Primary function of neutrophils?
Definition
primary defense against invasion of tissues by microorganisms.
Term
What can cause a false decrease in
WBC count?
Definition
Leukocyte clumping
Term
What is Neutropenia?
Definition
decrease in the absolute number of
neutrophils
Term
When does neutropenia occur?
Definition
absolute count is less than 3000 -- 4000/μl
Term
Neutropenia is the most frequent cause of what?
Definition
leukopenia
Term
What is the function of Eosinophils?
Definition
systemic hypersensitivity reactions such as allergies or parasites
Term
What is Eosinopenia?
Definition
a reduction in circulating eosinophils
Term
What is Eosinophilia?
Definition
increase in absolute eosinophil count
Term
What are the 3 causes of Eosinophilia?
Definition
allergy, parasites and Granulomatous inflammation
Term
What are the characteristics like in an Eosiniphil canine granule?
Definition
orange/red, numerous, round, and small
Term
What are the characteristics like in an Eosiniphil feline granule?
Definition
pale pink and rod--shaped
Term
What is the function of Basophils?
Definition
They contain histamine and
heparin; Heparin inhibits coagulation and Histamine release has an important role in hypersensitivity reactions
Term
What is Basopenia?
Definition
reduction in circulating Basophils
Term
What is basophilia?
Definition
increase in circulating basophils
Term
What can cause basophilia?
Definition
allergies, parasites, hyperlipemia
Term
In felines what color are the granules of a basophil?
How many are there?
Definition
lavender/blue; they are numerous
Term
In canines what color are the granules of a basophil?
How many are there?
Definition
bluish; may be sparse or absent
Term
What can cause a stress leukogram?
Definition
stress, diseases, steriods
Term
What do stress leukograms cause?
Definition
LEON = lymphopenia, eosinopenia, occasional monocytes, neutrophilia
Term
Where are steroids made?
Definition
adrenal gland
Term
Where is the adrenal gland located?
Definition
on top of kidney
Term
What kinds of adrenaline does the adrenal gland produce?
Definition
epinephrine, cortisol
Term
What are examples of neutropenia with monocytosis?
Definition
Parvo, panleukopenia
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