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The Sociological Perspective
In Conflict & Order 12th ed. by Eitzen...Ch 1
18
Sociology
07/18/2010

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Term
sociology
Definition
discipline concerned with the systematic study of social organizations
Term
social determinism
Definition
assumption that human behavior is explained exclusively by social factors
Term
human agency
Definition
when individuals, acting alone or with others, shape, resist, challenge, and sometimes change the social institutions that impinge on them
Term
socialogical imagination
Definition
the view that individual troubles are inextricably linked to social forces
Term
positivism
Definition
scientific model for understanding reality
Term
social facts
Definition
Durkheim's term referring to the forces outside individuals thay constrain them in their behaviors
Term
false consciousness
Definition
in marxian theory, the idea that the oppressed may hold beliefs damaging to their interest
Term
class consciousness
Definition
Karl Marx's term that refers to the recognition by people in a similar economic situation of a common interest
Term
class conflict
Definition
Karl Marx proposed that the owners of capital are locked in conflict with exploited workers
Term
charisma
Definition
extraordinary attributes to an individual that anables the possessor to lead and inspire without the legal authority to do so
Term
socialogical theory
Definition
set of ideas that explain a range of human behavior and a variety of social and societal events
Term
value neutrality
Definition
attempt by scientists to be absolutely free of bias in their research
Term
sample
Definition
representative part of a population
Term
variable
Definition
an attitude, behavior, or condition that can vary in magnitude from case to case
Term
control group
Definition
group of subjects in an experiment who are not exposed to the independent variable but are similar in all other respecs to the group exposed to the independent variable
Term
experimental group
Definition
group of subjects in an experiment who are exposed to the independent variable, in contrast to the control group, which is not
Term
dependent variable
Definition
variable that is influenced by the effect of another variable
Term
independent variable
Definition
variable that affects another variable