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The Muscular System
M6
70
Nursing
Not Applicable
05/31/2013

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Cards

Term
All or None
Definition
Stimulated by a threshold stimulus, a muscle fiber will contract completely,
Term
Antagonist
Definition
muscle whoe actions oppose the action of a prime mover in any given movement
Term
Aponeuroses
Definition
Membrane tissue connecting muscle. Sheetlike tendon.
Term
Bursae
Definition
Small synovial-lines sacs containing a small amount of synovial fluid: located between some tendons and underlying bones
Term
Prime Mover
Definition
Muscle whos contraction is mainly repsonsible for producing a given movement
Term
Sarcomere
Definition
basic functional contarctile unit
Term
Synergists
Definition
Muscle working together
Term
Types of muscle tissue
Definition
Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
Term
Skeletal Muscle
Definition
Straited or voluntary
Term
Cardiac Muscle
Definition
Bulk of heart
Term
Skeletal Muscle
Definition
Crosswise stripes or striations, Contracts
Term
Cardiac Muscle
Definition
Fibers branch frequently, intercalated disks, Fibers allow heart to contract efficiently
Term
Intercalated disks
Definition
Allows the heart to contract in concert
Term
Types of muscle tissue
Definition
nonstriated muscle, or involuntary muscle or smooth or visceral muscle
Term
Composition of skeletal muscle
Definition
mainly straited muscle fibers and connective tissue. Extend from bone to bone.
Term
Parts of skeletal muscle
Definition
Orign, insertion, and body
Term
origin of skeletal
Definition
attachment to the bone that remains relatively staionary
Term
Insertion of skeletal
Definition
Point of attachment to the bone that moves when a muscle contracts
Term
Body of skeletal
Definition
Main part of the muscle
Term
Microscopic structure of skeletal
Definition
Cells called fibers Fibers contain thick myofilaments (myocin protein) and thin Myofilaments (actin). Sacomere requires calcium and ATP
Term
Movment of Skeletal
Definition
movement occurs at the joint between the origin and the insertion
Term
Groups of Skeletal movement
Definition
Prime mover, synergist, antagonist
Term
Posture of skeletal muscle
Definition
special type of muscle contraction: tonic contraction
Term
Heat producation of Skeletal muscle
Definition
Body depends on heat for survival
Term
Fatigue
Definition
Reduces strength, caused by repeated stimulation, depletes stored ATP.
Term
Oxygen Debt
Definition
metabolic effort required to burn excess lactic accid that may accumulate during prolonged periods of excersice.
Term
Motor Unit
Definition
stimulatn of muscle by a nerve impulse
Term
Motor neuron
Definition
specialized nerve that transmits an impulse to a muscle
Term
neuromuscular junction
Definition
specialized point of contract between nerve ending and muscle fibers
Term
sarcolemma
Definition
muscle membrane
Term
muscle sonctracting
Definition
release of calcium, calcium binds with trapanian causing transformation, myosin heads binds w actin, power stroke ADP and P disisociated from myosin, ATP binds myosin head, filament returns to relaxed state
Term
Muscle movement
Definition
most muscle move by pulling on bones across movable joints
Term
Muscle stimulus
Definition
muscle contracts when stimulus hits certain levels
Term
Fatigue
Definition
Contraction in the absence of adequate oxygen produces lactic acid, which contributes to muscle soreness
Term
types of muscle contractions
Definition
twitch and tetanic contractions
Term
Twitch
Definition
laboratory phenomena and do not play significant role. Single contraction
Term
Tetanic
Definition
contractions are sustained and steady muscular contractions caused by a series of stimule
Term
Isotonic Contraction
Definition
contraction of a muscle that produces movement at a joint because muscle chenages length.
Term
Cocentric contractions
Definition
muscle shortens insertion end
Term
eccentric contractions
Definition
muscle lengthens under tension
Term
isometric contractions
Definition
contractions that do not produce movement, tension with in the muscle increases even with no movement
Term
Exercise
Definition
regular and properly practiced
Term
Facial Muscles
Definition
Orbiculars oculi, Orbiculars oris, Zygomaticus
Term
Muscles of mastication
Definition
Masseter, Temporal
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
Flexes head
Term
Trapezius
Definition
elevate shoulders and extends head
Term
Pectoralis major
Definition
flexes upper arm
Term
Lattissimus dorsi
Definition
etends upper arm
Term
Deltoid
Definition
abducts upper arm
Term
Biceps brachii
Definition
flexes forearm
Term
Triceps brachii
Definition
extends forearm
Term
Abdominal Muscles
Definition
Rectus abdominis, External oblique, Internal oblique, Transersus, abdominis
Term
Respiratory muscles
Definition
Intercostal muscles, Diaphragm
Term
Iliopsoas
Definition
Flexes thigh
Term
Gluteus maximus
Definition
Extends thigh
Term
Adductor muscles
Definition
adduct thigs
Term
Hamstring muscle
Definition
Flex lower leg
Term
Quadriceps
Definition
extend lower leg
Term
Tibialis anterior
Definition
dorsiflexes foot
Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition
Plantar flexes foot
Term
Peroneus group
Definition
Flex foot
Term
Flexion
Definition
movement that decreases the angle between two bones at their joint: bending
Term
Extension
Definition
Movement that increase the angle between two bones at their joint: straightening
Term
Abduction
Definition
movement of a part away from the body
Term
Adduction
Definition
movement of a part toward the body
Term
Rotaion
Definition
movement around a longitudinal axis
Term
Supination and pronation
Definition
Hand postions
Term
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
Definition
Foot movement top and bottom
Term
Inversion and eversion
Definition
Foot movement at the ankle
Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition
Plantar flexes foot
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