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The Immune System
N/A
34
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 2
07/08/2013

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Function of the Immune System
Definition
Protect body from forieng antigens
Term
Mechanisms of Action
Definition

Phagocytosis of cell

 

Lysis of cell membrane

 

Inactivate cell

 

Agglutination 

Term
Types of Immunity
Definition

Non-specific 

 

Specific

Term
Nonspecific Immunity
Definition

No memory cells

 

Responds to all pathogens the same way

 

Species resistance

 

Mechanicl and chemincal barriers

 

Interferon and complement 

Term
Species Resistance
Definition

The genetic ability of a species to provide defense against a certain pathogen

 

Ex: cats are resistant to canine parvo virus 

Term
Mechanical Barriers
Definition

Skin

 

Mucus membrane

Term
Chemical Barrier
Definition
Hydrochloric acid
Term
Interferon
Definition
Stops virus from invading cells
Term
Complement
Definition

Reverse blow hole 

 

Burst cell 

Term
Inflammatory Response
Definition

Second line of defense 

 

Chemotaxis

Term
Specific Immunity
Definition

Memory cells

 

Humoral

 

Cell mediated 

Term
Humerol Immunity
Definition

B cells

 

Plasma cells

 

Slower antibodies

Term
Cell Mediated Immunity
Definition

T cells

 

Quicker 

Term
Antigen
Definition

Any foreign substance capable of stimulating an immune response 

 

Ex: allergy 

 

Epitopes

Term
Epitopes
Definition

Specific markers on antigen 

 

Ex: proteins, carbs

Term
T Cells
Definition

Originate in bone marrow/thymus

 

Recognize specific markers on antigens 

 

Helper/cytotoxic/supressor

 

Can become memory cells

 

 

Term
T lymphocytes
Definition
Once simulated by antigens they transform into memory cells
Term
Antibodies
Definition

IgG - first

 

IgM - second

 

IgA - tissue

 

IgE - allergy 

 

IgD - unknown 

Term
Antibodody Attachment to Antigen
Definition

Harmless substance

 

Phagistized

 

Activate nonspecific immunity - complement

 

Term
Passive Immunity
Definition

Preformed antibodies 

 

No memory cells

 

Body didnt make them

 

Colostrom/placenta/IgG

Term
Active Immunity
Definition

Develops after an animal is born

 

Direct exposure to an antigen with response by immune system 

Term
Natural Immunity
Definition

Direct exposure to the antigen with antibody formation

 

Survivor has immunity for life

Term
Induced Immunity
Definition

Animal is intentionally exposed to antigen

 

Ex: vaccination 

Term
Hypersensitivity Reaction
Definition

Abnormally severe inflammatory responses mediated by the immune system 

 

Type 1 - IgE

Type 2 - IgG

Type 3 - IgM, IgG

Type 4 - T cells

Term

Type 1 Hypersensitivity

(Immediate)

Definition

Allergic Reaction

 

Mild type 1 - most common

-hives

-atopy

 

Severe type 1

-anaphylaxis 

Term

Type 2 Hypersenitivity

(Cytotoxic)

Definition

Phagocytosis

 

Auto antibodies

 

Ex: blood transfusion reactions

 

Complement

Term

Type 3 Hypersensitivity 

(Immune Complex Disease)

Definition

Tissue death

 

Antibody-antigen complex lodge in endothelial cells of capillaries of tissue 

 

Ex: Immune mediated Uveitis - eye

Term

Type 4 Hypersensitivity

(Delayed)

Definition

Cell mediated

 

IgG

 

Chronic transplant/tissue graft rejections 

 

TB/contact allergies

Term
Cancer
Definition

Uncontrolled growth of cells on or within th body

 

Active mitosing cells

Term
Cellular Growth
Definition

DNA replication

 

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

 

Cytokinesis

Term
Abnormal Cellular Growth
Definition

Excessive proliferation of cells due to mutations in DNA

 

Radiation

 

Chemicals

 

Hormones

 

Genetics

Term
Benign
Definition

Round

 

Encapsulated

 

Slow growing

 

Not a lot of mitosing cells

Term
Malignant
Definition

Aggressive

 

Invasive - in tissues

 

Bad

 

Spreads

Term
Cancer Tissue
Definition

Carcinoma - epithelial 

 

Sarcoma - mesenchymal

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