Shared Flashcard Set

Details

The brain 2
Craft, J., Gordon, C., & Tiziani, A. (2011). Understanding pathophysiology. NSW: Elsevier
27
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
08/30/2014

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
the principle of contralateral control
Definition
when one side of the brain recives sensory input and controls the motor activities of other side of the body
Term
decussate
Definition
the area where neurons that communicate with the cerebral cortex crossover and control other side of body
Term
cerebral lateralisation
Definition
where one side of the brain is more dominant than the other
Term
describe characteristics of the left and right side dominance of brain
Definition

left side: control of right side of the body motor functions, logical and analytical skills are enhanced

 

right side: creative and emotional activities are more pronounced

Term
major divisions of the cerebral hemisphere
Definition
cerebral cortes, cerebral white matter and basal nuclei (basal ganglia)
Term
location and description of cerebral cortex
Definition
the superficial layer of the cerebral hemisphere. It is covered with gyri. Grooves between the gyri are sulci and deeper grooves are known as fissures
Term
What does the cerebral cortex consist of
Definition
cell bodies of neurons (the grey matter)
Term
overall function of cerebral cortex
Definition
critical part of the brain for concious control. Often may be referred to as a 'higher brain' region. Functions not needing concious control are located in lower parts of the brain
Term
area of the cerebral cortex for goal-orientated behaviour
Definition
prefrontal cortex
Term
area of cerebral cortex for programming motor movements
Definition
premotor cortex
Term
function of primary motor cortex of cerebral cortex
Definition
part of the frontal lobe, responsible for concious control of voluntary muscle movement. Recieves information from the premotor cortex, then sends information down to the spinal cord to produce movement.
Term
location of broca's area
Definition
on the inferior frontal lobe gyrus, usually on left hemisphere
Term
function of broca's area
Definition
main area of the cerebral cortex or the motor aspect of speech (movement of muscles, allowing words to form)
Term
major function of the parietal lobe
Definition
recives sensory information, then integrate and interprets it eg. you feel a round object in your hands and the sensory input allows you to recognise it as a ball
Term
main function of the occipital lobe
Definition
mostly involved in visual association, allowing interpretation and association of objects seen
Term
function of the temporal lobe (4)
Definition
intepret of speech, closely linked with hearing and involved in memory consolidation and smell
Term
layer below cerebral cortex
Definition
white matter consisting of myelinated nerve fibres
Term
corpus callosum location and function
Definition
lies beneath the white matter of the cerebral cortex. Connects the two hemispheres. It is essential to co-ordinating activities between the hemispheres
Term
association fribres
Definition
fibres connecting regions of the brain, between gyri and lobes
Term
basal nuclei location and function
Definition
found deep in the white matter of the cerebral cortex. It includes nuclei that connect to other brain regions. These connections may be direct or indirect. Exact functions not clearly understood. Hoever is believed to influence muscular activity by exerting fine-tuning effects on motor movements and remove unnecessary movement
Term
2 major functions of the hypothalamus
Definition

1) maintain a constant internal environment

2) implement behavioural patterns

Term
how does the hypothalamus exerts its influences
Definition
through the endocrine system and neural pathways
Term
major divisions of the brainstem
Definition
midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata
Term
function of medulla oblongata
Definition
control of reflex activites (eg. snezzing, heart rate, breathing, bp, coughing, vomiting, sneezing)
Term
which nuclei of cranial nerves are located in the medulla oblongata
Definition
cranial nerve IX (glossopharangeal) and XII (hypoglosal)
Term
nerve nuclei found in the pons
Definition
cranial nerve V (trigeminal) and VIII (vestibulocochlear)
Supporting users have an ad free experience!