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Tetrarchy and Constantine
Tetrarchy and Constatine
11
Art History
Undergraduate 2
05/12/2010

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Diocletian and the Tetrarchy 
Definition

  • c. 300
  • last stable reign if the pagan empire in Rome
  • the rule of four
  • from eastern empire (Croatia)
  • proclaimed emperor by his troops
  • concentrated on creating stability
  • imposed a new order on the empire
  • idea of adoptive succession based on merit
  • reorganized the politics, taxes and state religion drastically 
  • son of a freedman
  • Rome ruled from a castle in the east and west (Diocletian and Maximian) Augusti
  • Diocletian (Jupiter) and Maximian (Hercules) associated with gods but clear hierarchy with Diocletian on top
  • picks other emperors to be Caesars (Galerius and Constantius)
  • now formed tetrarchy 

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • Porphyry Portrait of Tetrarchs 
  • c. 300
  • faces look the same but office of the ruler is different

 

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • Baths of Diocletian
  • c. 300
  • baths dedicated to Diocletian by the two Caesars
  • built in less than 10 years
  • similar to baths of Caracalla 
  • brought Rome into their empire
  • indication of the end of the period of chaos
  • a lot of wasted space=surplus of wealth

 

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • Palace of Split
  • c. 300
  • octagonal concrete building for mausoleum
  • stratified, fortified, strategic place
  • rubble stone work
  • Syrian arch
  • where Dioceltian retires 

 

Term
Maxentius
Definition

  • c. 310
  • son of Maximian
  • has senate proclaim him emperor
  • lives and builds in Rome while trying to please the Roman people
  • raised in the court
  • proclaimed emperor by his troops

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • Temple of Romulus
  • c. 310
  • new office for urban prefect 
  • rich little building
  • built from materials called spolia (materials from other buildings)
  • harmonizing with the temple of Antoninus Pius next door and other parts from other buildings
  • sense of urgency wants to get things done while fighting for power with Constantine 
  • underlines the need for a new office of the Urban Prefect
  • no longer getting rich materials into Rome

 

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • Basilica of Maxentius or Constantine 
  • c. 310
  • trying to build close to the imperial forum
  • looking back to when Rome was really the center of power
  • big concrete construction
  • interior marble exterior stucco
  • nothing like old basilicas
  • creative concrete put to a new purpose
  • entrance on short side facing apse
  • intended as an audience hall
  • Constantine adds apses on the sides
  • and put a huge statue of himself in one of the apses
  • Constantine completes the basilica

 

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • Battle of the Milvian BRidge
  • c. 320
  • Constantine goes to sleep in a tent and has a dream where he sees a cross and hears a voice in the dark say in hoc signo vince (in this sign you will win)
  • Maxientius marches out the next morning to meet Constantine 
  • Defeats Maxientius and marches into Rome under a cross

 

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • Arch of Constantine
  • c. 320
  • evokes the emperors he wanted to be associated with
  • tripartite arch (Severans)
  • near forum next to Flavian amphitheater 
  • spolia (used material) erected quickly
  • rectangular panels come Marcus Aurelius 
  • Hadrian
  • There are carvings from his own time--> narrating some of his history
  • Scene of Constantine speaking on rostrum that Caesar built
  • Latin inscription (thanking the god under whom he was victorious)

 

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • St. Peter's Basilica
  • c. 320
  • Across from Campus Martius
  • on top of a largely pagan cemetery
  • next to circus of Nero
  • some of Christians who were blamed for fire of '65 also buried there
  • one of Christians was st. Peter
  • altar directly above st. Peter's tomb
  • new boldness in an urban setting
  • cleansing area in atrium 

 

Term
[image]
Definition

 

  • Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
  • c. 320

 

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