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Test 4
Final Exam
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/02/2009

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Schizophrenia
Definition
SPLIT MIND
Term
Theories about the causes of mental illness
Definition
1. Supernatural: divine intervention curse demonic possession sin

2. Biological/Natural: similar to physical disease breakdown of body system

3. Psychological: mental illness as a result of trauma
Term
Treatment for mental illness: Stone Age
Definition
predominately supernatural; trephination (hole in skull) as treatment ; exorcisms
Term
Ancient China and mental illness
Definition
predominately natural or biological; Yin and Yang; emotions result of "vital air" over certain organs
Term
Ancient Greece, Egypt, Greece and Rome :mental illness
Definition
E and G "wandering uterus"; H and the 4 humors (blood phlegm, yellow bile, black bile); Plato (ration overcome by impulse passion and appetite); insane ppl stripped of home property and right to marry
Term
Medieval Theories
Definition
prior to 11th cnetury- natural/bio perspective; Inquisition- witches/satanists arrested (poor nutrition/social control); Epidemics and hysteria: (st Vitus' Dance)
Term
Birth of mental hospitals
Definition
chained/boxed/displayed; Act for Regulating Madhouses (1774)
Term
modern mental health
Definition
20th century change due to understnading bio components of mental illness; Emil Kraeplim: develop classification systme for mental disorders (basis for today)
Term
anxiety disorders
Definition
distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety (Generalized, Phobia, OCD, Panic Disorder)
Term
dissociative disorders
Definition
conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories thoughts and feelings (amnesia: selective memory loss by stress) (Dissociative Fugue: doug from movie; Dissociative Identity: 2 or more distinct personalities)
Term
mood disorders
Definition
emotional extremes (Major Depressive Disorder; Mania, Bipolar;)
Term
criticisms of psychoanalysis
Definition
interpretations are hard to refute bc they cannot be proven or disproven

lots of time (1-3/wk 1 mon/yr alive) Expensive
Term
active listening
Definition
1. paraphrase
2. Invite clarification
3. Reflect feelings
Term
DSM-IV
Definition
American Psychiatric Association diagnotstic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edition) used to classify psychological disorders
Term
Interpretations
Definition
the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistance, and other significant behaviors in order to promote insight; become aware of resistnace and interpret the meaning (aimed at finding insight to a patients wishes feelings, and conflicts)
Term
resistance
Definition
blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material
Term
Transference
Definition
the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linke with other relationships (love or hatred for a parent
Term
Humanistic v. Psychoanalytic
Definition
H:Present; Conscious thoughts, immediate responsibility for feelings and actions; promote growth ; Client

P: Past; unconscious thoughts; uncovering hidden determinants; cure illness; patients
Term
Group therapies
Definition
less patient-therapist involvement; saves time and money; just as effective (others have same problems --> feed back and encourage to try new behaviors
Term
Rationale-emotive therapy
Definition
(RET) Albert Ellis: confrontational cognitive therapy to challenge illogical self defeating attitudes and assumptions (emotional homework component) help mind to think more positively
Term
Attitude
Definition
belief and feeling that predisposes one to respond in a particular way to object, people and events (believe, feel, act)
Term
Attribution
Definition
tnedency to give a casual explanation for someone's behavior, often by crediting either the situation or teh person's disposition

(ERROR: for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition ) (explain the actions of others happy w/unkind remarks v. unhappy couple w/ unkind remarks)
Term
Asch
Definition
standard lines v. comparison lines. when told that a wrong answer is right, conform to group answer
Term
Milgram
Definition
63% of participants complied to the commands to shock another person. Obedience
Term
Foot in the Door Phenomenon
Definition
tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Term
De-individuation
Definition
loss of self-awareness and slef restraint occuring in a group situation that foster arousal and anonymity (food fight in dining hall- if ppl are participating you are more likely to participate)
Term
Cognitive dissonance Theory
Definition
we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent ( aware that attitude and action clash, you can reduce dissonance by changing attitude)
Term
Social Facilitation
Definition
improved performance of tasks in the presence of others; occurs with simple or well-learned tasks but not with tasks that are difficult or not yet mastered
Term
Social Loafing
Definition
people in a group exert less effort when pooling towards a common goal than v. individually (feel less accountable, see contribution as less valuable)
Term
Frustration-Aggression Principle
Definition
principle that frustration (blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal) creates anger which can generate aggression
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