Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Test 3
sleep terms
34
Psychology
12th Grade
12/22/2008

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Developmental Markers
Definition
18 months: rouge test, 4-5 years: theory of mind, 10-12 years: metacognition/reflection
Term
Rouge test
Definition
If an animal can identify a red dot painted on them in a mirror, then that animal is conscious.
Term
Theory of Mind
Definition
the ability to understand that people have different thoughts and perceptions than you do.
Term
Localized systems
Definition
(Schacter)separate awareness systems in the brain
Term
Integration
Definition
(Kinsbourne, Crick and Koch, Damasio) awareness emerges by making a connection between various perceptions, memories, and actions.
Term
Representation
Definition
(Farah) awareness of a stimulus emerges only once it has reached a high level of processing
Term
Neural correlates of Consciousness
Definition
Localized systems, integration, and representation.
Term
Repression
Definition
when a person cannot remember a traumatic or disturbing memory/thought and it has been pushed into their subconscious because it is too hard to think about.
Term
Freudian Slip
Definition
When you accidentally say what you are thinking about in the middle of a speaking about something else.
Term
Melatonin
Definition
released by the pineal gland, it helps you feel tired and go to sleep.
Term
Circadian rhythm
Definition
The internal body clock that regulates the 24-hour cycle of biological processes (when to sleep and wake)
Term
Alpha waves
Definition
8-13 cps (cycles per second), regular w/small amplitude, occurs when awake w/eyes open, and when you are not concentrating on anything specific; also when you are drowsy but awake
Term
Beta waves
Definition
13-30 cps (fast), irregular w/very small amp. on EEG b/c waves overlap and cancel each other out, occurs when concentrating or excited
Term
Theta waves
Definition
4-7 cps, somewhat irregular w/high amp., occurs in stages 1-2 of sleeping.
Term
Delta waves
Definition
1-3 cps (slow), irregular w/high amp., occurs in stages 3-4 of sleeping.
Term
Sleep spindles
Definition
short bursts of rapid brainwaves during stage 2 of sleeping
Term
REM (rapid eye movement)
Definition
occurs when entering back into stage 1 of sleeping; this is when dreams usually occur. REM sleep deprivation interferes with memory and a person will experience more and longer REM periods the next time they sleep normally; the more stress we have on a given day, the longer our periods of REM sleep will be.
Term
Sleep Stages
Definition
Wakefulness (Alpha & Beta), Stage 1 (Alpha & Theta), S.2 (Theta w/sleep spindles and K-complexes), S.3 (10-50% Delta activity), S.4 (50% Delta), REM
Term
Sleep cycles
Definition
90 minute cycles,
first cycle: awake, 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2
second: REM, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2
third & fourth: REM, 2, 3, 2
fifth: REM, 2
sixth: REM, awake
Term
Preservation and Protection theory
Definition
Hypothesis: Sleep preserves energy and protects people during a time when being awake isn't very useful and when it is dangerous to be moving about.
Evidence: cross-species sleep patterns
Term
Restoration theory
Definition
Hypothesis: Sleep restores a worn-out body and replenishes vital substances.
Evidence: exercise leads to faster sleep onset, running marathon increases slow-wave sleep and decreases REM sleep first 2 nights after marathon, and complete sleep deprivation n rats resulted in death within 3 weeks.
Term
Memory consolidation
Definition
REM helps strengthen newly formed connections, helping consolidate new memories.
Term
Sleep and insight
Definition
eureka moments
Term
Active-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming
Definition
dreams are the result of random activity in the brain, which the brain tries to make sense of by creating a story.
Term
Semantic organization in dreams (Freud)
Definition
Condensation: one dream object stands for several thoughts
Displacement: an object in your dream that does not seem important or is not being focused on
Representation: a thought is translated to visual images
Symbolism: a symbol replaces an action, person, or idea
Term
Semantic Organization in dreams (Jung)
Definition
-Archetypical representations
Animus: masculine attributes and potentials
Anima: feminine " "
Shadow: a bad part of yourself that you may be ashamed of represented in another form
Term
Freud and sex
Definition
all cavities represent women, and any complicated machinery represents the genitals.
Term
Collectivist cultures and dreams
Definition
dreams reflect community and predicting the future
Term
Napping
Definition
-short naps can help if you don't get much sleep anyway
-full cycle naps help w/procedural learning
-naps involving waking during deep stages can interfere w/cognition
-for some people napping interferes with normal sleep patterns
Term
sleep deprivation
Definition
-after 3-4 days, some people hallucinate and become irritable
-only small effect on ability to perform physical tasks or to make decisions
-hardest to do simple, repetitive tasks rather than challenging ones
-b/c of circadian rhythms, its hardest to stay awake bet. 2 & 6 am, and easiest to stay awake bet. 2 & 8 pm.
Term
Sleep Apnea
Definition
when you stop breathing while you sleep, but only wake up enough to disturb your sleep cycle.
Term
Insomnia
Definition
when you can't sleep
Term
Somnambulism
Definition
sleep walking, which is associated with deep sleep, and only simple tasks like walking or dressing.
Term
Nightmares and Night Terrors
Definition
-Nightmares are unpleasant dreams that occur during REM sleep.
-Night Terrors are frightening unexplained feeling of panic that person all of a sudden wakes up with (Stage 4)- people usually don't remember the incident and often do not come to full consciousness immediately when wakened.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!