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Test 2:Gods, Heroes, and Athletes: The Art of Ancient Greece
Test 2:Gods, Heroes, and Athletes: The Art of Ancient Greece
40
Art History
Undergraduate 1
10/05/2012

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Cards

Term
Greek Culture
Definition
Greeks admired aethestics and studied them. Obsessed with fate, prized intellect and reason. Hellenes is Greek for Greek. Independent city states. 776 BC when first Olympic games started, helped the city states feel like a group. Kids trained physically/mentally/strategy. They owned slaves, woman were not equal.
Term
12 Greek/Roman Gods
Definition

Zeus, Hera (Zeus's wife), Poseidon, Dementer (Seasons), Athena (Wisdom), Hestia (Hearth), Apollo, Artemis (The Hunt), Ares (War), Aphrodite (Love), Hermes, and Hephaistos (forge).

 

Jupiter, Juno, Neptune, Ceres, Vesta, Minerva, Vulcan, Apollo Diana, Mars, Venus, Mercurey, Vulcan.

Term

Geometric Krater

[image]

Definition

Place: Dipylon cemetery, Athens

Culture: Geometric

Date: 740 BC

 Pottery medium, Was used to mix wine and water. Had holes in the bottom and was a grave marker. Geometric art with bands on it. Story tells of a man on his death bed with many mourners. Used only for men.

Term

Greek Periods

Geometric

Orientalizing

Archaic

Classical

Definition

900-700 BC, had many geometic patterns.

 

700-600 BC Many eastern influences.

 

600-480 BC Origions, grinning face

 

480-323 BC Greece wins vs Persia, Pellopesian war, acropollis.

Term

Mantiklos Apollo

[image]

Definition

Place: Thebes, Greece

Culture: Orientalizing period

Date: 780-680 BC

 Statuette, bronze meidium 8 in tall. Votive offering. More natualistic/egyptian look. Figurine made for Apollo in hopes for a favorable return. Inscrpition on the legs.

Term

Lady of Auxerre

[image]

Definition

Culture: Orientalizing period

Date: 650 BC

 Kore (youthful female) object. Limestone medium, 2 ft. tall. Was a votive offering with egyptian influences. Encaustic painting method used. Daedlalic art style. Always clothed.

Term

Kouros

[image]

Definition

Culture: Archaic period

Date: 600 BC

 Youthful male figure. Almost always nude. Daedlalic influences with more curves. Marble medium, lifesize. Funerary grave marker.

Term

Calf Bearer

  • [image]
Definition

Place: Athens, Acropolis

Culture: Archaic

Date: 560 BC

 Kouros, Moschophoros means calf bearer. Dedicated by Rhombos as a votive offering. Lifesize marble medium. Calf was a sacrifice. More naturalism but still daedalic. Grinning face.

Term

Kroisos

[image]

Definition

Place: Anavysos, Greece

Culture: Archaic

Date: 530 BC

Kouros once again!. Lifesize, grave marker for Kroisos. Died in battle due to gods/fate. More natural style but still daedelic. Illiad crest muscle is emphasized.

Term

Peplos Kore

[image]

Definition

Place: Athens, Acropolis

Culture: Archaic

Date: 530 BC

Lifesize. Brightly painted, votive offering. Marble medium, would have had lots of jewlery and incise designs.

Term

Greek Temple Plans

[image]

Definition

1. Stereobate (or substructure).

2. Stylobate.

3. Colonnade (or peristyle).

4. Porch (or pronaos).

5. Cella (or naos).

6. Rear porch (or opisthodomus).


m, would have had lots of jewlery and incise designs

 

1. Stylobate (level on which collums stand)

3. Peristyle (external colonnade on four sides).

4. Pronaos (porch)

6. Opisthodomus (rear porch)

5. Cella

Ante are walls that project from the center to create the porches. Collumns done by taking short side x2 + 1

Term

Doric Order temple

[image]

Definition

Doric order is from mainland Greece/Peleponnese. had triglyph/Metope detail in the entablature (upper building). Capital (top of column) had an Echinus. Shaft had no base.  Overall style was heavier/lower.

 

Ionic order is from Ionia (turkey area). Capital had Volute, Columns had a base. Overall style was leaner, taller, and more decorated.

Term
Temple Types
Definition

Peripteral: Temple with a single peristyle.

Prostyle: Columns only in front of temple.

Amphiprostyle: Columns in front and back of temple.

Peirstyle: Columns all around temple.

Term
Temple of Hera[image]
Definition

Place: Paestum, Italy

Culture: Archaic

Date: 550 BC

80 ft by 170ft. Entasis columns. Peirstyle temple with odd number of columns.

Term

Achilles and Ajax

[image]

Definition

Culture: Archaic

Date: 540-530 BC

Exekias was the potter/painter. Amphora with a black painting style with incised detail. Very popular artist. Dramatic depiction of them during the war.

Term

Three Revelers

[image]

Definition

Culture: Archaic

Date: 510 BC

Euthymides was just the painer. Amphora with a red painting style. Addative painting over incising. Euthymides wrote on his art that he was very good and showed that there was a lot of competition among artists.

Term

Kritios boy

[image]

Definition

Place: Athens, Acropolis

Culture: Classical

Date: 480 BC

Marked the end of daedelic art. Natural pose called contrapposto. Slightly under lifesize. Marble medium.

Term

Warrior

[image]

Definition

Place: Riace, Italy

Culture: Classical

Date: 460-450 BC

Export items. Were very expensive/important. Hollow cast bronze with bronze/silver inlay for details. Lifesize, contrapposto pose. Severe style (serious face).

Term

Diskobolos

[image]

Definition

Culture: Classical

Date: 450 BC

Lifesize. Diskobolos means discus thrower. Roman coppy, but origional artist is Myron. Origional would have been copper, coppy is marble. Marble required extra support (treetrunk looking support). Myron known for athletic images.

Term
anastole
Definition
An off center parting of the hair with the locks brushed up and back near the part; a recognizable feature in the portraits of Alexander the Great.
Term
agora
Definition
An open space used for public meetings or business in ancient Greek cities.
Term
canon
Definition
A rule of proportion. The Greek sculptor Polykleitos wrote a ‘canon’ outlining the proportions for the ideal statue.
Term
caryatid
Definition
A female figure that functions as a supporting column.
Term
chryselephantine
Definition
Made of gold and ivory.
Term
cornice
Definition
The projecting, crowning member of the entablature framing the pediment; also,
any crowning projection.
Term
entasis
Definition
A convex tapering (an apparent swelling) in the shaft of a column.
Term
fasciae
Definition
In the Classical Greek Ionic order, the three horizontal bands that make up the
architrave.
Term
flute or fluting
Definition
Vertical channeling, roughly semicircular in cross-section and used
principally on columns and pilasters.
Term
foreshortening
Definition
The use of perspective to represent in art the apparent visual contraction
of an object that extends back in space at an angle to the perpendicular plane of sight.
Term
frieze
Definition
The part of the entablature between the architrave and the cornice; also, any sculptured or ornamented band in a building, on furniture, etc.
Term
Hellenistic
Definition
The term given to the Greek culture that developed after the death of
Alexander the Great in 323 BC and lasted until the Roman conquest of Egypt in 31BC.
Term
hydria
Definition
An ancient Greek three handled water pitcher.
Term
in situ
Definition
Literally, “in place.” Referring to an object or work as in the original position.
Term
kylix
Definition
An ancient Greek shallow drinking cup with two handles and a stem.
Term
palestra
Definition
An ancient Greek and Roman exercise area, usually framed by a colonnade,
often found in bathing establishments.
Term
pediment
Definition
-In classical architecture, the triangular space (gable) at the end of a building,
formed by the ends of the sloping roof above the colonnade; also, an ornamental feature having this shape.
Term
peplos
Definition
A simple long woolen belted garment worn by ancient Greek women that gives
the female figure a columnar appearance.
Term
strategos
Definition
An ancient Greek general. Pericles was a famous Athenian strategos.
Term
strigil
Definition
A scraper, used by ancient Greek athletes to scrape oil from their bodies after
exercising.
Term
tesserae
Definition
tiny stones or pieces of glass cut to desired size and shape used in the creation
of mosaics.
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