Term
| Sociology is a science to the extent that: |
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Definition
1. it is based on empirical evidence
2. it develops logical skills
3. it is an open, public process amenable to peer review |
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Sociological Imagination:
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Definition
looking at things from a neautral perspective
The ability to see the connections between personal circumstances and wider social forces.
The ability to see how wider context shapes people’s behavior.
The ability to recognize the historical and cultural circumstances that give rise to specific ideas, practices and social patterns.
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Definition
GROUP (people)
ORGANIZATION (people working together)
INSTITUTION (long term pattern of people working together. i.e. family) |
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doing what you want even though some say nah dont becauseit okay today
(im gonna marry who i want ma) |
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social structure- pattern in social life that shape action of people and orginizations (education affect divorce rate)
!!!society affecting people!!!
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agency- deeds carried out by people, groups, organizations to impact society
!!!people impacting society!!!
(organizations and IND can have this. institutions cannot) |
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Definition
what happens on one side of the planet now affects the other side because of the future!!
(chinese food down the street. made in india shirt. columbian coffee. now the world is affected by the world) |
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Term
origins of sociology
(not intellectual) |
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Definition
1.rise in capitalism
2. rise in industrial technology
3. rise in urbanism
4. rise in modern politics
5. rise in science |
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Term
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Definition
| abstract interpretation that explains a lot of situations |
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KARL MARX
(believed in earning, not inheriting) |
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Definition
1. materialist concept of history--- economic conditions and interests shape political and cultural aspect of social life
2.capitalism and the class struggle
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Definition
| class system in which conflict is inevitable cuz it is in the intrest of the ruling class (owners of capital) to exploit lower class workers |
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Term
| political economy has 5 parts |
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Definition
1. MODE of production: how stuffs produced
2. MEANS of production: machines, technology...
3. RELATIONS of production: who owns the machines and controlls techno.
4. class position: slave,lord, capitalist, worker
5. class struggle:conflict over the distribution of resources produced |
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Term
EMiLE dURKHEIM
(wanted everyone to be simple and uniform) |
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Definition
1.social solidarity
mechanical--simple jobs=simple lives (blacksmith, chimmney sweep)
organic--complex jobs=complex lives (teacher, vet, anesthesiologist) |
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Term
| MAX WEBER came up with 3 important things |
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Definition
1. rationalization (instramental rationality)::orgnizing society based on efficiency (big lecture hall versus one on one tutor)
2. beuraucrcy: powerful mode of social organization (hospital has tons of controll over us)
3.protestantism: calvanist belife that accidentally cause capitalism |
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Term
| symbolic interactionalism |
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Definition
how people interact sybolically
(middle finger, words, letters, gestures) |
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thinking that in order for society to be the way it is, things need to stay the way they are
(gender roles have to be just so) |
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Definition
| power, ideology, class systems and class struggle, of course from karl marx |
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Term
socilization
and social reproduction |
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Definition
gradualy becoming sefl aware in society. socializing, learning skills in your culture
once a child knows this they continue the cultureal ways and pass it on. social reproduction!! |
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| thinking about yourself or your invironment or the relationship between the two |
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Definition
| came up with ideas of social development, and childhood development |
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Definition
the ME in a sentance as opposed to the unsocialised self I
ex. i want versus, give that to me |
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| comming to see oneself the way others do |
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| the general value and moral rules of the culture |
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Term
| PIAGET's 4 stages of cognitive development |
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Definition
1. sensorymotor- envoronment exists
2. preoperational- words and symbols (egosentric. the world is only to them)
3. concrete operational- logic and causality
4. formal operational- adult abstract mind |
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Definition
stuff that socializes infants and kids into the culture
(family, school, peers, media) |
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Term
identity
self identity
social identity |
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Definition
1. identity- who u know u are
2. self identity-what sets us apart from others
3. social identity- what makes us similar to others |
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Term
| freauds sexual roles theory |
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Definition
penis envy, "lack of a penis" vs "i have a penis",
fathers castration |
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| chodrows sexual roles theory |
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Definition
girls attach to mother and depend on others (later a man)
boys are tought to seperate from parents |
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| Gillians sexual roles theory |
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Definition
| women base their sucess on how others see them and how they take car of others |
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| self interest and assesment of maximising gains and minimizing losses |
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| emperical or factual questioning |
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Definition
| who,how,howmany,where,when,what???? |
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| between places and circumstances |
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| deals with causes, provides interpretations of facts |
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| any demention along wich individuals or grops vary |
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Definition
| require relationships or patter between two sets of variables |
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| relatio of cause ad effect between variables |
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Definition
| causes(comes first in time) |
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| effects (come later in time) |
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fieldwork studys people first hand
(bizzar foods man) |
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| highly controlled environment that lacks social realism |
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| uses statistics on secoundary data already collected to mimic exeriment |
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Term
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Definition
Mean: average, add together all data and divide by number of instances
Mode: number that occurs most frequently
Median: the middle of any set of figures
Standard Deviation: measures degree of dispersal of data
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