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Structures of Life
Vocabulary words for the FOSS module "Structures of Life"
114
Science
3rd Grade
02/23/2013

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Term
adaptation
Definition
any structure or behavior of an organism that allows it to survive in its environment SRB, IG)
Term
adult
Definition
a mature plant
Term
appendage
Definition
legs and mouth parts
Term
aquatic
Definition
referring to water
Term
arch
Definition
one of the three basic patterns fingerprints can be sorted into; these fingerprints are characterized by lines that start on one side of the print, rise, fall, and exit on the opposite side of the print
Term
articulated
Definition
jointed or joined in sections, as in the human skeleton
Term
ball-and-socket
Definition
joint a place where the rounded end of one bone fits into the cup of another bone. Ball-and-socket joints allow movement in two directions, in addition to rotation; the most versatile joints in the human body
Term
behavior
Definition
the actions of an animal in response to its environment
Term
beneficial
Definition
good or advantageous
Term
biologist
Definition
a scientist who studies living organisms
Term
bone
Definition
living tissue that grows and changes shape as people grow; organized into a system called a skeleton
Term
camouflage
Definition
an adaptation that allows an organism to blend into its environment
Term
carapace
Definition
a hard outer shell that covers the main part of the body of an animal
Term
carnivore
Definition
an animal that eats only animals
Term
cartilage
Definition
the smooth, flexible material that connects some bones and gives shape to some body parts
Term
characteristic
Definition
the shape, size, and orientation of a bone; provides clues about the function of the bone
Term
chromosome
Definition
a structure that carries genes
Term
chrysalis
Definition
the hard-shelled pupa of a moth or butterfly
Term
compete
Definition
to rely on or need the same resource as another organism
Term
contract
Definition
to become smaller or shorter in length
Term
cotyledon
Definition
the plant structure that provides the germinated seed with food
Term
crayfish
Definition
a freshwater animal that has a hard shell and prominent pincers
Term
crustacean
Definition
a class of mostly aquatic animals with hard, flexible shells
Term
detrimental
Definition
harmful or bad
Term
disperse
Definition
to spread out or move away from
Term
dormant
Definition
inactive or resting
Term
egg
Definition
the first stage in an animal’s life cycle
Term
elodea
Definition
a kind of aquatic plant that crayfish eat
Term
embryo
Definition
the undeveloped plant within a seed
Term
endanger
Definition
at risk of becoming extinct
Term
energy
Definition
the fuel in a food chain
Term
environment
Definition
everything that surrounds and influences an organism
Term
estimate
Definition
to decide how much or how many without counting each object in the group
Term
exoskeleton
Definition
any hard outer covering that protects or supports the body of an animal
Term
female
Definition
in crayfish, ones that have an egg pore and longer swimmerets
Term
fibrous
Definition
root system with a large mass of small, stringlike roots where no one root is more prominent than the others
Term
fingerprint
Definition
the ridges in your skin at the tip of your fingers. Arches, loops, and whorls are fingerprint patterns.
Term
flower
Definition
a plant structure that grows into fruit
Term
food
Definition
chain a description of the feeding relationships between all the organisms in an environment
Term
fruit
Definition
a structure of a plant in which seeds form
Term
function
Definition
an action that helps a plant or an animal survive
Term
gastropod
Definition
the family of snails
Term
gene
Definition
a message carried by the chromosomes
Term
#VALUE!
Definition
#VALUE!
Term
generation
Definition
a group of organisms born and living at the same time
Term
genetics
Definition
the study of how living things pass traits to their offspring
Term
germination
Definition
the beginning of development of a seed after a period of dormancy or rest
Term
gliding
Definition
joint a place where two bones meet, allowing limited movement in two directions but not rotation
Term
growth
Definition
when an organism gets bigger and more complex
Term
habitat
Definition
where an organism naturally lives
Term
herbivore
Definition
an animal that eats only plants or algae
Term
hibernate
Definition
when animals sleep through the winter
Term
hinge
Definition
joint a place where two bones meet, allowing movement in one direction; hinge joints can flex
Term
hydroponics
Definition
growing plants without soil in a water-based nutrient solution
Term
inherited
Definition
trait a characteristic that is passed down from generation to generation
Term
joint
Definition
a place where two bones come together
Term
leaf
Definition
a plant structure that is usually green and makes food from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
Term
life
Definition
cycle the sequence of changes an organism goes through
Term
ligament
Definition
tissue that connects bone to bone
Term
living
Definition
alive
Term
loop
Definition
one of the three basic patterns fingerprints can be sorted into; these fingerprints are characterized by lines that start at one side of the print, rise, and then turn around and exit on the same side
Term
male
Definition
in crayfish, ones that have bigger pincers and narrower tails
Term
mature
Definition
fully developed
Term
migrate
Definition
when animals move from places with cold weather to places with warm weather
Term
modify
Definition
to change
Term
molt
Definition
to shed an outer shell in order to grow
Term
movement
Definition
action performed by muscles in the body; one of the three major functions of bones in the skeletal system
Term
muscle
Definition
tissue that can contract and produce movement
Term
nutrient
Definition
a material needed by a living organism to help it grow and develop
Term
observe
Definition
to watch for changes
Term
offspring
Definition
a new plant or animal produced by a parent
Term
omnivore
Definition
an animal that eats both animals and plants
Term
opposable
Definition
thumb finger which enables the ability to touch fingertips to thumb and to grip and hold objects firmly; one of the most important features of the human body
Term
organism
Definition
any living thing
Term
parent
Definition
an organism that has produced offspring
Term
pattern
Definition
a design; most fingerprints fall into three basic patterns
Term
pincer
Definition
an animal’s claw used for grasping
Term
population
Definition
all organisms of one kind that are living together
Term
predator
Definition
an animal that hunts and catches other animals for food
Term
predict
Definition
to estimate a future event based on data or experience
Term
prey
Definition
an animal eaten by another animal
Term
proboscis
Definition
a long, strawlike mouth
Term
property
Definition
something you can observe, like color, texture, or smell
Term
protect
Definition
to keep from harm
Term
protection
Definition
one of the three major functions of bones in the skeletal system
Term
pupa
Definition
the stage of an animal’s life cycle between the larva and the adult stages
Term
reproduce
Definition
to have offspring
Term
root
Definition
the part of a plant that grows under ground
Term
seed
Definition
the structure in a fruit that holds the undeveloped plant, or embryo
Term
seed
Definition
coat the outer covering of a seed
Term
seedling
Definition
young plants that grow from seeds
Term
shoot
Definition
the above-ground part of a plant, which consists of stems, branches, leaves, flowers, and fruit
Term
skeletal
Definition
muscle muscle that typically attaches to two different bones with tendons; there are over 650 in the human body
Term
skeletal
Definition
system the system of bones in the human body which provide support, protection, and movement
Term
skeleton
Definition
the hard inner framework of bones inside an animal that provides shape, support, and protection
Term
skull
Definition
the hollow case of the head made up of fused flat bones and moveable jaw bones; surrounds and protects the brain, inner ears, and eyes
Term
stem
Definition
any stalk supporting leaves, flowers, or fruit
Term
structure
Definition
any identifiable part of an organism
Term
support
Definition
one of the three major functions of bones in the skeletal system
Term
survive
Definition
to stay alive
Term
sustain
Definition
to maintain
Term
sustainable
Definition
describing a food chain in which the population size of the organisms that are eating must be smaller than the population size of the organisms getting eaten
Term
swimmeret
Definition
a small, soft leg under the tail of a crayfish
Term
system
Definition
an interconnected network; bones are organized into a system called a skeleton
Term
taproot
Definition
system where smaller roots branch out from the large main roots
Term
tendon
Definition
ropelike tissue that connects muscle to bone
Term
terrestrial
Definition
referring to land
Term
territory
Definition
the part of an animal’s habitat that it defends against others of its own kind
Term
thrive
Definition
to grow fast and stay healthy
Term
tissue
Definition
any of a number of different kinds of materials that make up the body, such as muscle, tendon, ligament, and bone
Term
torso
Definition
the main part of the body, including shoulders, chest, abdomen, and hips
Term
whorl
Definition
one of the three basic patterns fingerprints can be sorted into; these fingerprints are characterized by lines that go in circles and all lines come back to the place where they started
Term
antenna
Definition
(plural antennae) the thin feeler on the head of an animal like a crayfish, an isopod, or an insect
Term
DNA
Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid) a material that carries the genetic messages of heredity
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