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States of Consciousness
Vocabulary covering important terms from Unit 3
39
Psychology
12th Grade
10/15/2012

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Term
Consciousness
Definition
Our awareness of ourselves and the environment
Term
Cognitive Neuroscience
Definition
Study of brain activity linked with cognition
Term
Dual Processing
Definition
Principle that information is simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks
Term
Selective Attention
Definition
Focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
Term
Inattentional Blindness
Definition
Failing to see visual objects when our attention is directed elsewhere
Term
Change Blindness
Definition
Failing to notice changes in the environment
Term
Circadian Rhythm
Definition
Biological clock of regular body rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle
Term
REM (rapid eye movement) Sleep
Definition
Recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams occur; aka. paradoxical sleep because muscles are relaxed but other body systems are active
Term
Alpha Waves
Definition
Relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed but awake state
Term
Sleep
Definition
Periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness
Term
Hallucination
Definition
False sensory experience
Term
Delta waves
Definition
Large (elongated), slow brain waves associated with deep sleep
Term
Insomnia
Definition
Recurring problems falling or staying asleep
Term
Narcolepsy
Definition
Sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks, often as a result of emotional triggers
Term
Sleep Apnea
Definition
Sleep disorder characterized by temporary periods of not breathing and repeated momentary awakenings
Term
Night Terrors
Definition
Sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and terror; occur at Stage 4 of sleep, unlike nightmares
Term
Dream
Definition
Sequence of images and emotions passing through a sleeping person's mind; known for hallucinatory imagery, discontinuity, and difficulty in remembrance
Term
Manifest Content
Definition
Freud's term for the remembered storyline of a dream
Term
Latent Content
Definition
Freud's term for the underlying meaning of a dream
Term
REM Rebound
Definition
The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM deprivation
Term
Hypnosis
Definition
Social interaction in which one person (hypnotist) suggests to another that certain perceptions or behaviors will spontaneously occur
Term
Posthypnotic Suggestion
Definition
Suggestion made during hypnosis which will be carried out after hypnosis
Term
Dissociation
Definition
Split in consciousness allowing some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others
Term
Psychoactive Drug
Definition
Chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods
Term
Tolerance
Definition
Diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger doses of the drug before experiencing its effects
Term
Withdrawal
Definition
Unpleasant symptoms following the discontinuation of an addictive drug
Term
Physical Dependence
Definition
Physiological need for a drug, marked by withdrawal symptoms
Term
Psychological Dependence
Definition
Psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions
Term
Addiction
Definition
Compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse effects
Term
Depressants
Definition
Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions; ie. alcohol, barbiturates, opiates
Term
Barbiturates
Definition
Drugs that depress CNS activity, reduce anxiety, and impair memory and judgement
Term
Opiates
Definition
Opium derivatives (morphine, heroine) that lesson pain and anxiety
Term
Stimulants
Definition
Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions; ie. caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, cocaine, Ecstasy
Term
Amphetamines
Definition
Drugs that speed up body functions, energy, and mood changes
Term
Methamphetamine
Definition
A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates CNS and over time, reduces baseline dopamine levels
Term
Ecstasy (MDMA)
Definition
Synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen; produces euphoria and social intimacy, but harms serotonin-producing neurons and cognition
Term
Hallucinogens
Definition
Psychedelic drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images without sensory input
Term
LSD
Definition
Powerful hallucinogenic drug; aka. acid
Term
THC
Definition
Major active ingredient in marijuana that triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations
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