Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Standard grade science materials
Credit and general
48
Science
Not Applicable
04/14/2011

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Different ways to group materials
Definition
natural/man-made, metals/non-metals/ solids, liuids and gases
Term
Different uses for steel
Definition
cooking pans, building materials, containers
Term
Different uses for copper
Definition
cooking pans, electric wires
Term
Different uses for nylon
Definition
Stockings, clothes, fibres for carpets
Term
Different uses for polystyrene
Definition
Plastic cups, yogurt pots, ball-point pens
Term
Different materials used for clothes
Definition
cotton, wool, nylon, polyester
Term
Different materials used for cooking vessels
Definition
stainless steel, aluminium, glass, ceramic
Term
Different materials used for doors, window frames, chairs/tables
Definition
Wood, steel, glass, plastic (PVC)
Term
Different materials used for containers/packaging
Definition
Plastic, wood, glass, steel, paper, cardboard
Term
Property: Flammability? Examples
Definition
Ability to catch fire easily, e.g. paper, oil, nylon
Term
Property: Hardness? Examples
Definition
Ability to resist wear, impacts, e.g. concrete, steel
Term
Property: Strength? Examples
Definition
Ability to resist large forces, e.g. concrete, steel
Term
Property: Elastic? Examples
Definition
Ability to return to original shape after being stretched--, e.g. rubber, lycra
Term
Property: Thermal conductivity? Examples
Definition
Ability to let heat flow easily through the material, e.g. copper, all metals
Term
Property: Electrical conductivity? Examples
Definition
Ability to let current flow easily through the material, e.g. copper, all metals
Term
Property: Corrosion resistance? Examples
Definition
For metals: does not react chemically with other substances, e.g. stainless steel, gold
Term
Property: Flexibility? Examples
Definition
Ability to bend without breaking- plastic
Term
Property: Heat resistance? Examples
Definition
Ability to withstand high temperature without damage-ceramic, concrete
Term
Property: Wear resistance? Examples
Definition
Durable, e.g. ceramics, concrete, steel
Term
What is concrete made of?
Definition
Cement and aggregate (sand + pebbles)
Term
How can the properties of concrete be changed?
Definition
By changing the type of aggregate, i.e. finer or larger particles
Term
What is an alloy?
Definition
A mixture of metals
Term
Examples of alloys?
Definition
Steel = carbon+iron; Solder= lead and
Term
What is added to steel to make it corrosion resistant (stainless steel)
Definition
Chromium and nickel
Term
What is added to steel to make it resistant to wear?
Definition
Tungsten
Term
What is added to steel to make it stronger?
Definition
More carbon
Term
What happens when steel is heated up and cooled down quickly (i.e. quenched?
Definition
It becomes harder
Term
How can polystyrene be made a better heat insulator?
Definition
Heat it up so it expands, trapping more air for insulation
Term
How can fibres be made better at insulation?
Definition
Crimp them
Term
What does the strength of a structure depends on?
Definition
Its shape
Term
What shapes make a structure stronger?
Definition
Triangles, T and H shaped girder tubes, corrugation (folded in ridges like cardboard)
Term
How can materials for soft-furnishing and curtains be made less flammable?
Definition
Treat them with flame-proofing chemicals.
Term
What happens to flame-proofed materials when they are washed?
Definition
Flame-proofing material is often washed out.
Term
What toxic fume is produced when carbon-containing material burn?
Definition
Carbon monoxide
Term
C-What does it do to your body?
Definition
Combines with haemoglobin in red blood cells which stops blood carrying oxygen.
Term
What toxic fume is produced when polyurethane burn?
Definition
Hydrogen cyanide
Term
C-What does it do to your body?
Definition
Affects the nervous system
Term
What toxic fume is produced when PVC burns?
Definition
Hydrochloric acid
Term
C-What does it do to your body?
Definition
Burns the lining of the lungs
Term
What can damage materials?
Definition
Weather, corrosion, pests, heat and impact.
Term
What is corrosion?
Definition
Gradual breakdown of a metal due to a chemical reaction at its surface.
Term
What can be done to protect wood from the weather?
Definition
Water-proofing (varnishing), painting, packaging.
Term
What can be done to protect metals against corrosion?
Definition
Painting, metal-plating, packaging
Term
What can be done to protect wood from pests?
Definition
Pesticide treatment
Term
What is electroplating?
Definition
Covering a metal with a layer of another metal using electricity
Term
What is galvanising?
Definition
Covering steel or iron with a layer of zinc, protects against corrosion
Term
What is anodising?
Definition
Using electricity to thicken the oxide layer on aluminium, protects against corrosion
Term
C- What is the economic consequence of corrosion?
Definition
Cost of replacing corroded parts, loss of production, additional labour costs, cost of protection.
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