Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Standard grade science energy
General
36
Science
Not Applicable
04/08/2011

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Cards

Term
Energy in the home comes from where?
Definition
electricity, gas and solid fuels
Term
Most expensive appliances to run?
Definition
Those making heat e.g. iron, kettle, oven etc…
Term
Energy consumption (kwh) depends on what?
Definition
power rating (W,kW) and period of use (i.e. how long it is used)
Term
Ways to reduce heat loss?
Definition
Draught-proofing (e.g. curtains, draught excluders) and insulating (double glazing, loft insulation, lagging pipes, carpets, cavity wall insulation)
Term
How can we reduce energy waste at home?
Definition
Take showers instead of baths, switch off tv, lighting , and have appropriate setting on thermostat
Term
What does a thermostat do?
Definition
keep a steady temperature by switching on when a temperature is to low and switching off when the temperature is too high.
Term
Which appliances use a thermostat?
Definition
heater, oven, iron
Term
Plug: brown cable is
Definition
Live wire
Term
Plug: blue cable is
Definition
Neutral
Term
Plug: yellow and green cable is
Definition
Earth cable
Term
What are fuses and earth wires for?
Definition
Safety devices
Term
What are the main energy sources?
Definition
Coal, oil, natural gas and peat
Term
What happens is there is more demand than supply for fossil fuels?
Definition
Energy crisis
Term
How are fossil fuels formed?
Definition
Compression of organic waste (i.e. dead animals&plants) during millions of years.
Term
What is the name of a layer of rocks that lets oil and gas seep through upwards?
Definition
Permeable
Term
What is the name of a layer of rocks that does NOT let oil and gas seep through upwards?
Definition
Non-permeable
Term
When layers of oil, gas and water are trapped under the ground, which layer ends up at the top?
Definition
Gas
Term
When layers of oil, gas and water are trapped under the ground, which layer ends up in the middle?
Definition
Oil
Term
When layers of oil, gas and water are trapped under the ground, which layer ends up in the middle?
Definition
Water
Term
What is the name of different oil fractions from the bottom to the top of a fractionation column
Definition
Bitumen, diesel, paraffin, naphta, petrol, refinery gas
Term
What happens to the temperature of the boiling point as you go up the column?
Definition
It decreases, substance boils and evaporates at lower temperatures
Term
What happens to viscosity as you go up the column?
Definition
It decreases, substances become less "thick"
Term
What happens to flammability as you go up the column?
Definition
it increases, substances becomes easier to set on fire
Term
What substance is used to make bottled car for caravans etc…?
Definition
Refinery gas
Term
What substance is used to make plane fuel?
Definition
Paraffin
Term
What substance is used to make plastics and other chemicals?
Definition
Naphta
Term
What substance is used to make fuel for lorries, trains etc..?
Definition
Diesel
Term
What substance is used for road surfacing?
Definition
Bitumen
Term
What is used up when fuels burn?
Definition
Oxygen
Term
What is produced when fuels burn?
Definition
Carbon dioxide, water vapour and sulphur dioxide
Term
Which fire extinguisher is used when solids like wood and plastic burn?
Definition
Water or fire blanket
Term
Which fire extinguisher is used when petrol or oil burn?
Definition
Carbon dioxide or fire blanket
Term
Which fire extinguisher is used for electric fires
Definition
Powder or carbon dioxide
Term
Explain how a power station makes electricity
Definition
Fuel burnt to boil water and produce steam. Steam turns the blase of a turbine. Turbine drives a generator. Generator produces electricty.
Term
How can we use nuclear fuel to produce electricity?
Definition
Nuclear fuels produce heat which produces the steam needed to drive the turbine. The turbine drives the generator and that produces electiricy
Term
What is the dangerous thing produced by nuclear power stations?
Definition
Radioactive waste
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