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South eastern asian art vocab
Vocabulary
22
Art History
Undergraduate 1
02/05/2013

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Term
Ashoka
Definition
(272-231 BCE) Maurya ruler. Converted to Buddhism and spread the Buddha's teachings throughout and beyond India. Inscribed Buddha's laws on a monolithic column. Erected many pillars.
Term
Bodhisattva
Definition
In Buddhist thought, a potential
Buddha who chooses not to achieve enlightenment
in order to help save humanity.
Term
Buddha
Definition
Prince Siddhartha Gautama. Advocated the path of self-denial and self-discipline to end the cycle of rebirth
Term
Chaitya hall
Definition
Halls with rounded, or apsidal, ends
for housing smaller stupas. South Asian rock-cut temple hall
having a votive stupa at one end.
Term
Devi
Definition
The supreme goddess is Shaktism. Worshiped as (Paravati or Uma wife of Shiva and Lakshmi wife of Vishnu) Also as lover Radha of Krishna. She both creates and destroys. As Durga she is multi-armed and rides a lion. Her son is the elephant Ganesha.
Term
Garbha Griha
Definition
Small and dark inner sanctuary
chamber, like a cave, which houses the image of the deity.
Term
Lingam
Definition
A stylized phallic symbol that is worshipped in Hinduism as a sign of generative power and that represents the god Shiva
Term
Mandala
Definition
Sanskrit term for the sacred diagram of the universe.
Term
Mausoleum
Definition
Monumental tomb. The name
derives from the mid-fourth-century BCE tomb of Mausolos at Halikarnassos, one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world.
Term
Mosque
Definition
The Islamic building for collective worship. From the Arabic word masjid, meaning a “place for bowing down.”
Term
Mudra
Definition
In Buddhist and Hindu iconography, a
stylized and symbolic hand gesture.
Term
Abhaya mudra
Definition
Do not fear mudra,with the right
hand up, palm outward, is a gesture of protection or blessing.
Term
Dharmachakra mudra
Definition
Wheel of the Law, or
teaching mudra is a two-handed gesture with right thumb and index finger forming a circle.
Term
Mughal
Definition
"Descended from the Mongols.” The
Muslim rulers of India, 1526–1857.
Term
Nirvana
Definition
In Buddhism and Hinduism, a blissful
state brought about by absorption of the individual soul or consciousness into the supreme
spirit. Also called moksha.
Term
Relic
Definition
The body parts, clothing, or objects associated with a holy figure, such as the Buddha or Christ or a Christian saint
Term
Shiva
Definition
The destroyer, can be represented in the form of a lingam. He frequently has multiple heads and arms. Rides the bull Nandi and carries a three-pronged fork.
Term
Stupa
Definition
A large, mound-shaped Buddhist shrine.
Term
Urna
Definition
A whorl of hair, represented as a dot, between the brows; one of the lakshanas of the Buddha.
Term
Ushnisha
Definition
A knot of hair on the top of the head;
one of the lakshanas of the Buddha
Term
Wat
Definition
A Buddhist monastery in Cambodia.
Term
Vishnu
Definition
The preserver of the universe. Frequented with four arms and holds a conch and a discus. Sometimes on a serpent. Assumes different avatars to balance the universe including Krishna and the Buddha himself.
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