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Sociology Lectures - TERM
Brunsma
101
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
08/27/2011

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Term
Sociology is not about people but about...
Definition
What happens when people get together
Term
Interaction
Definition
What happens when people get together
Term
The Social
Definition
What happens when people get together
Term
Cannot be reduced to the sum of individuals
Definition
Society
Term
The science of the mind
Definition
Sociology
Term
Causes people to act in a collectively in a way that they wouldn't on their own
Definition
Social Action or Collective Effervescence
Term
Our identity derived by others and who we are not
Definition
Self
Term
Sense of who we are
Definition
Identity
Term
Seven units of sociological analysis
Definition
Self, Face-to-Face, Large Groups, Organizations, Institutions, Culture, Society
Term
Small groups like family or friendships
Definition
Face-to-Face
Term
Latinos, Americans, Women, Catholics
Definition
Large Groups
Term
Has an identifiable membership that acts collectively for a common purpose
Definition
Organizations
Term
Roster
Definition
Identifiable Membership
Term
A set of ideas on how to achieve a social task with designated roles and behaviors
Definition
Institution
Term
Virginia Tech
Definition
Organization
Term
Higher Education
Definition
Institution
Term
"There is a way to do _____"
Definition
Institution
Term
A set of meanings people draw differentially from
Definition
Culture
Term
"Meaning-making"
Definition
Culture
Term
Entire systems composed of units 1-6
Definition
Society
Term
Descriptive vs. Normative
Definition
Sociology
Term
Empirical vs. Speculative
Definition
Sociology
Term
Increased agricultural production
Definition
Industrial Revolution
Term
Led to an increase in population
Definition
Industrial Revolution
Term
Primary countries of the industrial revolution
Definition
Britain, France, Germany
Term
Results of an increase in food
Definition
Increase in Population, Urbanization
Term
Urbanization
Definition
Rural -> Urban
Term
Radically different than life in rural areas
Definition
Life in Cities
Term
Replaced religion as far as understanding the world
Definition
Science
Term
Began in an attempt to understand the massive social change during the political upheavals
Definition
Sociology
Term
Coined the terms Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
Definition
Tonnies
Term
Urban areas
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
Studied rural and urban areas and the new conditions in urban areas
Definition
Tonnies
Term
Rural areas
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
Community
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
Small areas
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
Large areas
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
High density of social ties
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
Low density of social ties
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
Personal and intimate
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
Impersonal and strangers
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
Low diversity
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
High density
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
Institutional overlap
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
Institutional Separation
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
Mechanical solidarity
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
Organic solidarity
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
Social cohesion due to similarities
Definition
Gemeinschaft
Term
Social cohesion is due to interdependent differences
Definition
Gesellschaft
Term
Depends on our surroundings
Definition
Our Sense of Who We Are
Term
Affects Self
Definition
Society
Term
Two beings within man's personality
Definition
Social Side, Identity Side
Term
1. Symbols
2. Socially prescribed obligations
3. Altruism
Definition
Social Side
Term
1. Physical
2. Spontaneous desires
3. Egoism
Definition
Animal Side or Individual Side or Identity Side
Term
The side of man's personality that is similar and collective to society
Definition
Social
Term
The side of man's personality that is private and individualistic
Definition
Identity Side
Term
Integrate individuals into the collective body
Definition
Social Groups
Term
Four criteria for social facts
Definition
Objective, External to an Individual, Exert Influence on Individuals, Measurable
Term
Shouldn't depend on who's doing the study
Definition
Objective
Term
Turned suicide into a social fact by measuring suicide rates
Definition
Durkheim
Term
The problem of drawing conclusions about individuals with data on groups
Definition
Ecological Fallacy
Term
Charts referring to the number of people in each category and how they are spread across the population
Definition
Distribution Charts
Term
Average
Definition
Mean
Term
Middle piece of data
Definition
Median
Term
Two equal parts
Definition
Median
Term
Four equal parts
Definition
Quartile
Term
Five equal parts
Definition
Quintile
Term
Ten equal parts
Definition
Decile
Term
One hundred equal parts
Definition
Centile
Term
two most common ways for sociologists of dividing the population
Definition
Quintile, Decile
Term
Even more unequally distributed than income
Definition
Wealth
Term
Something that is given by others
Definition
Status
Term
The most common way to determine status
Definition
Occupation
Term
Everyone should have an equal starting point
Definition
Equality of Condition
Term
Everyone ends up with the same result
Definition
Equality of Outcome
Term
Everyone is equal in the eyes of God
Definition
Ontological Equality
Term
Thought all inequality could be explained by an individual's relations to the means of production
Definition
Marx
Term
Owns means of production and buy labor people
Definition
Bourgeoisie
Term
Own means of production but aren't large scale enough so use family labor
Definition
Petty Bourgeoisie
Term
Don't own means of production or buy labor
Definition
Proletariat
Term
The system of upper, middle, and working class
Definition
Gradational Social Class
Term
The idea that social relations define class in the Marxist theory
Definition
Relational View
Term
Rests on the basis of the owner worker structure
Definition
Epiphenomenal
Term
"Religion is the opiate of the masses"
Definition
Marx
Term
Serve as a significant socializing function
Definition
Schools
Term
"The state is the executive committee of the bourgeoisie"
Definition
Marx
Term
A relationship where well being of one party depends on lower well being of another
Definition
Exploitation
Term
"Bourgeoisie produce their own grave diggers"
Definition
Marx
Term
The five steps of capitalism turning into communism
Definition
1. Impoverishness of Working Class
2. Proletarianization
3. Global Spread of Capitalism
4. Growing Class Consciousness and Class Organization
5. Revolution
Term
More and more people selling their labor
Definition
Proletarianization of Society
Term
Due to over production
Definition
Global Spread of Capitalism
Term
The idea that national boundaries will become less important than class boundaries
Definition
Global Spread of Capitalism
Term
The idea that the proletariat will reappropriate away from the bourgeoisie resulting in communism
Definition
Revolution
Term
"Workers of the world unite"
Definition
Marx
Term
Those at the highest levels of government, military, business, etc.
Definition
Power Elite
Term
Develops its own interests distinct from the social groups it's supposed to represent
Definition
Politics
Term
Originated the idea of social mobility and life chances
Definition
Weber
Term
Three steps of a functionalist analysis
Definition
1. Identify the Feature that is to be Explained
2. Identify Some Relevant Potential Threat
3. Identify the Mechanism by which the Target Feature Preserves the System
Term
Explains the working of the pat in reference to the whole system
Definition
Functionalist Analysis
Term
Three ways of allocating positions and rewards
Definition
1. Inheritance
2. Merit
3. Chance
Term
Davis and Moore's threat to the system
Definition
Motivation Problem
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