Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Sociology Final
LAST ONE!
59
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
05/06/2009

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Commercialization
Definition
Social trend driven by product marketing that leads to a preoccupation with individual consumption. Overemphasis on commodities
Term
Commodities
Definition
items that are bought and sold
Term
Thorstein Veblen
Definition
studied lifestyle and consumption patterns
Term
Conspicuous consumption
Definition
process of using commodities to represent status to other people.
Term
Commercialization and children
Definition
marketing products directly to children has increased.
children tend to be more vulnerable to the influence of advertising.
marketers develop a sense of "brand loyalty" that continues in adulthood
Term
Megalopolis
Definition
vast urban region containing a number of cities and suburbs
Term
Urban sprawl
Definition
expansion of cities outward to take up more geographic space
Term
Urbanization
Definition
the trend toward more people living in densely populated areas, known as cities
Term
Growth of the suburbs
Definition
Began primarily after wwII
greater availability of cars
highway construction
development of inexpensive housing
GI Bill
Term
use of fossil fuels, air pollution, creating of waste
Definition
Environmental impacts of urbanization
Term
connections between people of different social backgrounds within cities
decline of community
Definition
Impacts of urbanization on social interaction
Term
cities: gesellschaft
Definition
based on self interest
Term
rural areas: gemeinshaft
Definition
based on close ties, stronger sense of community
Term
Color-blind racism
Definition
edwardo boniasilva, people openly deny that they are racist, but still think and act in a racist manner.
ex: Im not racist but...
Term
White privilege
Definition
the automatic, unrecognized advantages white people have because of race.
ex: I can arrange to be around people of my race most of the time
Term
Modern racism
Definition
racism still exists, but in more covert and subtle forms
Term
Racism
Definition
a system of ideas and practices that justifies and maintains racial inequality.
Term
Contact hypothesis
Definition
interracial contact, especially early in life, can reduce prejudice and stereotypes
Term
matched paired studies
Definition
Evidence of discrimination
Term
Institutional discrimination
Definition
the subtle, biased practices of an institution or organization.
Term
Discrimination
Definition
treating individuals unfairly based on their group membership
Term
Prejudice
Definition
prejudgement of an individual based on their group membership
Term
Stereotypes
Definition
unreliable over-generalizations about people based on their group membership.
"believing is seeing"
Term
Race
Definition
based on the perception of certain physical differences that society considers important
Term
ethnicity
Definition
based on the perception of cultural differences that society considers important
Term
African American
Asian American
Native American
Pacific Islander
White
Other
Latino/Hispanic
Definition
Official racial categories in the U.S.
Term
Social construction of race
Definition
Variation across culture: different racial categories exist in different countries.
Variation across time: even within the US racial categories have shifted across time
Term
Black:13%
Asian:4%
White: 69%
Other: 2%
Latino/Hispanic: 2%
Definition
Current population of major racial and ethnic groups in U.S.
Term
Black: 15%
Asian: 8%
White: 50%
Other: 5%
Latino/Hispanic: 24%
Definition
Population projections of major racial and ethnic groups in the U.S.
Term
Social Stratification
Definition
the division of a large social group or society into ranked categories of people
Term
Caste System
Definition
ascribed status, born into a certain status. No mobility between different levels.
ex: race, feudal system
Term
Class System
Definition
mobility between levels is possible
Term
1 billion people worldwide
Definition
Global stratification and poverty
Term
12.6% of the US population is classified as living in poverty
Definition
Poverty in the U.S.
Term
Socioeconomic status
Definition
a composite ranking based on various dimensions of social inequality, property, prestige, power, and education
Term
Class-consciousness
Definition
a shared identity based on their position in the means of production
Term
Sex
Definition
refers to the reproductive characteristics that men and women are born with or develop.
Term
Gender
Definition
refers to the cultural meanings, psychological attributes, and social roles associated with sex differences
Term
Gender roles
Definition
the expected behaviors associated with each sex
Term
"Doing Gender"
Definition
gender is not something we have its something we do. we perform gender roles and this becomes gender.
Term
Glass escalator
Definition
an invisible force that pushes men to the top of female dominated professions
Men make up 21% of primary and secondary school teachers, but 56% of principals are men
Term
Glass ceiling
Definition
an invisible barrier that inhibits women's advancements in male dominated professions
Term
The wage gap or pay gap
Definition
on average, women in the US earn $.77 for every $1.00 that men earn
Term
Gender and the mass media
Definition
men tend to be portrayed as more active, while for women there is an emphasis on physical appearance
Term
Sexual harassment
Definition
between 40-50% of women workers reported that they have experienced behavior that fits the legal definition of ...
Term
women have maternity leave, the motherhood penalty, the "second" shift
Definition
Family responsibilities/perceptions
Term
School commercialism
Definition
marketing products to children within schools has also increased. Children in schools are a captive audience. products appear to carry the schools endorsements
Term
exclusive agreements, incentive programs, sponsorship of educational materials, electronic marketing
Definition
Forms of school commercialism
Term
Assimilation
Definition
the process by which minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture
Term
Pluralism
Definition
a state in which people of all races and ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standings
Term
Patriarchy
Definition
a form of social organization in which makes dominate females
Term
Feminism
Definition
the advocacy of social equality for women and men, in opposition to patriarchy and sexism
Term
Sexism
Definition
the belief that one sex is innately superior to the other
Term
Segregation
Definition
the physical and social separation of categories of people
Term
Property wealth, prestige level of respect, power-control, education
Definition
Weber's view of social class
Term
Scapegoat theory
Definition
holds that prejudice springs from frustration among people who are themselves disadvantaged. person or category of people, typically with little power, whom other people unfairly blame for their own troubles
Term
Intersection theory
Definition
the interplay of race, class, and gender, often resulting in multiple dimensions of disadvantage.
Term
Marx’s view of social class
Definition
a class society- a capitalist society with pronounced social stratification
Term
Davis/Moore thesis
Definition
social stratification has beneficial consequences for the operation of a society
Supporting users have an ad free experience!