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sociology Chapter 7 Niacc
sociology Chapter 7 Niacc
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Sociology
Undergraduate 2
04/08/2012

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Term
proletariat 
Definition
 
Marx's term for the exploited class, a mass of workers who do not own the means of production
Term
endogamy 
Definition
The practice of marrying within one's own group

Term
slavery
Definition

A form of social stratification in which some people own other people
Term
Social class
Definition
 
according to Weber, a large number of people who rank close to one another in powered, poverty, and prestige; according to Marx's, one of two groups; capitalists who own the means of production or workers who sell their labor
Term
Social mobility 
Definition

movement up or down the social class ladder
Term
Neocolonialism
Definition

the economic and political dominance of the least industrialized nations by the most industrialized nations
Term
Meritocracy
Definition

a form of social stratification in which all positions are awarded on the basis of merit
Term
multinational corporations
Definition

companies that operate across many national boundaries; also called transnational corporations
Term
Ideology
Definition
 
beliefs about the way things ought to be that justify social arrangements
Term
Means of production
Definition
 
the tools, factories, land, and investment capital used to produce wealth
Term
Globalization of capitalism
Definition
 
capitalism (investing to make a profit within a rational system) becoming the global dominant economic system
Term
False consciousness 
Definition

Karl Marx's term to refer to workers identifying with the interests of capitalists
Term
Class system
Definition

performance stratification based primarily on possession of money and material possessions
Term
Culture of poverty
Definition
The assumptions that the behaviors of the poor make them fundamentally different from other people, these factors are largely responsible for their poverty, and that parents perpetuate poverty across generations by passing these characteristics to there children  
Term
Colonialism
Definition
The process by which one nation takes over another usually for the purpose of exploiting its labor and natural resources

Term
Class consciousness
Definition
 Karl Marx's term for awareness of a shared identity based on one's position in the means of production
Term
Bourgeoisie
Definition
Karl Marks's term for capitalists, those who own the means of production.  
Term
Devine right of kings
Definition

the idea that the king's authority comes directly from God
Term
Social stratification
Definition
 the division of large number of people into layers according to their relative power, poverty, and perstige; applies to both nations and to people within a nation, society, or other group
Term
World system theory
Definition
 economic and political connections that tie world countries together
Term
caste system
Definition
a form of social stratification in which one's status is determined by birth and is lifelong
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