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Society & Culture
Intro 101
45
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
11/08/2006

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Term
SOCIETY
Definition
A group of people with a common territory, interaction, and culture
Term
Social Groups
Definition
Two or more people who interact and indentify with each other
Term
TERRITORY
Definition
Formal boundaries which are recognized as belonging to a specific group
Term
INTERACTION
Definition
Members who come into contcat with one another on a regular basis
Term
INTERACTION
Definition
Members who come into contact with one another on a regular basis
Term
CULTURE
Definition
People of the same society who share, languaage, beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a peoples way of life.
Term
CULTURE
Definition
The defining element of a society.
Term
PLURALISTIC SOCIETY
Definition
Built of many groups.
Term
ASSIMILATION
Definition
Groups seeking to become part of a pluralistic society often have to give up many of their original traditions in order to fit in.
Term
MELTING POT
Definition
A society in which people from different societies blen together in a sinlge mass.
Term
MULTICULTURALISM
Definition
A term that recognizes the original heritage of millions of Americans, noting that Americans who were from other societies do not necessarily have to lose their individula markers by melting into the mainstrem.
Term
Hunting & Gatherin Socieites
Definition
Survive by unting game and gathering edible plants.
Term
First Social Revolution
Definition
Domestication of plants and animals let to the birth of the Horticultural and Pastoral Socieites
Term
Hoticultural Society
Definition
Hand Tools used to tend grops. Tools are simple. eg. sticks and joe like instruments used to pucnh holes.
Peole could now grow their own food. No longer had to leave the area when food was exhausted.
Term
Pastoral Society
Definition
Rely on domestication and breeding of animals for food.
Term
Agricultural Society
Definition
Societies that tend crops with an animla harnessed to a plow.
Term
Second Social Revolution
Definition
The invention of the plow during the horticultural and pastortal societies created this revolution.
Term
Indutrial Societies
Definition
Used advanced sources of energy, rather than humans and animals to run l;arge machinery.
Term
Definition
norms.
Term
STATUS
Definition
Describes the position a perosn has in a prticular setting.
Term
ROLE
Definition
The set of norms, values, behaviors and personality characteristics attaached to status.
Term
ROLE
Definition
The set of norms, values, behaviors and personality characteristics attaached to status.
Term
CULTURE
Definition
Everything made,learned or shared by the members of a society, including values, beliefs, behaviors and material objects.
Term
VALUE
Definition
A culturally approved concept about which what is right or wwrong, desirable or undesirable.
Term
VALUE
Definition
Principles about how things should be and differ greatly from society to society.
Term
BELIEFS
Definition
Specific idea that people feel to be true, they are supported by values.
Term
DOMINAT CULTURE
Definition
A group whose members are in the majority or who weild more power than other groups.
Term
SUBCULTURE
Definition
A group that lives differently from but not opposed to the dominat culture. A culture within a culture.
Term
NON MATERIAL CULTURE
Definition
Intangible aspects of a culture, such as values and beliefs. Consist of concepts and ideas that shape who we are and make us different from members of other societies.
Term
MARTERAIL CULTURE
Definition
Consists concrete, visible parts of a culture, such as food, clothing, cars, weapons, and buildings. Aspects will differ from society to society.
Term
FEATURES OF MATERIAL CULTER
Definition
Soy lattes
CD Buners
Running Shoes
iPods
Lifestyle magazines
SUVS
Organic Vegetables.
Term
W.E.B. DEBOIS
Definition
Sociologist of race relations in the US.
Color line
Inpact of racisim on blacks and whites.
Term
COUNTER CULTURE
Definition
A subculture that opposes the dominat culture, eg. hippies in the 60s
Term
ETHONOCENTRICISM
Definition
The tendency to judge another culture by the standards of ones own culture, , Usually entails the notion that ones own culture is superior to everyone else's.
Term
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
Definition
The opposite of etnocentricism - the exmaination of a culture trait within the context of that culture.
Trys to under stand
Term
CULTURE SHOCK
Definition
The susrprise, disorientation, and fear people can experience when they encouter a new culture
Term
CULTURE LAG
Definition
Term coined by Willion Ogburn,
Tendency for material and nonmaterial culture to occur at different rates.
He proposed that changes in nonmaterial culture tend to lag behand changes in material culture including technology.
Term
CULTURAL DIFFUSION
Definition
The process whereby an aspect of culture spreads throughout a culture from one culture to another.
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