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soc exam 2
pampel
34
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
03/21/2010

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Term
factors that led to emergence of sociology
Definition
intellectual, economic, social, political
Term
Auguste Comte
Definition
evolution of world views and societies
theological -> metaphysical -> scientific/positive

COINED SOCIOLOGY
Term
Harriet Martineau
Definition
empirical social research
Term
Marx
Definition
"historical materialism"
1. history progresses
2. change is driven by conflicts in production

touchstone for all subsequent sociological work
Term
summary of communist manifesto
Definition
bourgeoisie- own capital
proletariat- laborers

proletariats lsot all individual character
explicit: alienatoin of labor
inexplicit:: commodificatoin of labor

purpose of family becomes to make money

bourgeoisie centralized means of production into a few hands: urbanization and increasing wealth of owners

capitalism spreading

government just there to manage big business
Term
hegel, marx, weber
Definition
hegel: conflict of ideas drives material realities
marx: material conflicts drive change in ideas
weber: both directions
Term
weber- protestant work ethic
Definition
worked as a duty to god
worldy asceticism
didnt spend money on pleasurable things so went back into business

these people became bourgeoisie
religion created capitalism!
Term
weber's three types of conflict
Definition
class: same possession of goods or opportunity to make money

status: share a characteristic or lifestyle that is honored or dishonored

party: self selected group that seeks social influence
Term
four classes
Definition
capitalists, property owners, patents/copyrights, laborers
Term
legitimate authority
Definition
traditional, legal, charismatic
Term
marx and weber on science
Definition
marx: should be scientific and empirical- objective

weber: cant examine through science- subjectivity
Term
marx and weber on historical progress
Definition
marx: capitalism ->communism
weber: capitalism -> efficiency
Term
rationality
Definition
absolute efficiency
disenchantment
in organizations, rationality produces bureaucracy
Term
marx, weber, durkheim theories
Definition
marx: conflict
weber: conflict, cultural
durkheim: functionalism
Term
cohesion in traditional and modern societies (durkheim)
Definition
traditoinal = mechanical = cohesion because everyone is similar

modern = organic = different specializations create interdependencies
Term
principles of functionalism
Definition
1. society has a tendency toward equilibrium
2. for a society to survive, fucntions must occur
3. social institutions and practices exist because they provide those fuctions for the larger socity
Term
three objections to functionalism
Definition
1. teleological
2. describes things as they are and doesnt deal with historical issues and conflict
3. uncritical of status quo
Term
looking glass self
Definition
idea of others perception
idea of others judgement
self feeling
Term
primary groups (cooley)
Definition
family
playground
neighborhood
others
Term
5 ideas about the self
Definition
1. social development of the self
2. self as an object
3. the I and the Me
4. event thinking is social
5. i think before i act
Term
self arises in the child's social experience using language and symbols (4 things)
Definition
imitation
role play
games
gernalized other
Term
I and Me
Definition
I = creative and impulsive
Me = judgemental, controlling

I acts, Me constrains
Term
blumer
Definition
symbolic interactionism
Term
goffman
Definition
dramaturgy
Term
madison grant
Definition
wanted to purify america through selective breeding
wanted strong immigration restrictions
Term
marcus garvey
Definition
back to africa movement- wanted to redeem africa and to get europeans out
Term
booker t washington
Definition
accomodator for cooperating with white people
raised funds for black education
believed shoudl jsut adapt to white culture
Term
du bois
Definition
sheltered from racism
philidelphia negro- 1st african american socioligcal work
souls of black folk- color line, veil, double consciousness
founded NAACP
becomes a communist
Term
sarah susanah willie
Definition
three types of theories on race: stratificatoin theory, economic theory (conflict), social construction
Term
ida B wells-barnett
Definition
worked against race discriminatin in railroads
standpoint theory: women possess knowledge unavailabele to the socially privelaged because they see things from the outside
Term
patricia hill collins
Definition
four falce images of black women
1. mammy
2. matriarch
3. welfare mother
4. jezebel
Term
4 types of alienation
Definition
alienation of labor
alienatin of the products of their labor
alienation from other people
alienation from themselves or their creative potential
Term
4 types of suicide
Definition
egoistic: results from low integration into social groups
anomic suicide: results from the lack of external social control
altruistic: too much integration- part of a group action
fatalistic: too much social regulation (slaves)
Term
durkheims reasons crime is good
Definition
1. constructing morality
2. promoting cohesion
3. imposing social control
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