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SMP #5
Pesticide & Illness Lectures 113 & 114
17
Pharmacology
Graduate
07/16/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Chlorophenoxy acids:

broadleaf plants



Herbicides

Definition

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid;

 Overexposure:

muscle weakness, aching and tenderness,

renal failure

Term

Bipyridyl herbicides:

broad spectrum

Definition

Paraquat
Highly toxic,

use restricted to

registered pesticide applicators

Overexposure: lung toxicity


Diquat
Overexposure: GI, renal toxicity


Glyphosate:

 (RoundUpÒ, “kills the root”)

Low toxicity: inhibits amino acid synthesis 

Term

Glyphosate:

broad spectrum

(RoundUpÒ, “kills the root”)

 

Herbicide

Definition

Low toxicity:

 

inhibits amino acid synthesis

 

not found in animals

 

Toxicity in overexposure:

typically from ingestion of concentrated formulation

 

mild--GI/ abdominal n/v/d

 

severe--GI/ hypotention/

 

progress to shock

 

Term

Paraquat

 

 

herbicide

Definition


Highly toxic: use restricted to

registered pesticide applicators

 

Overexposure:

lung toxicity 

Term

Diquat


herbicide

Definition


Overexposure:

GI, renal toxicity

Term

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid;

 
  

Definition

 Overexposure:

 

muscle weakness,

 

aching and tenderness,

 

renal failure

  

Term

Fungicides

 

 

Definition

 

 

Thiocarbamates:

Zineb

 

Pthalimide derivatives:

Captan

 

Substituted aromatics:

Chlorothalonil

hexachlorobenzene 


Inorganic :

Elemental Sulfur

Term

Thiocarbamates 


Zineb

Definition

 

Sensitizer in skin patch test

 

dermatitis

 

Alcohol interaction:

 

Antabuse-like reaction 

Term

Pthalimide derivatives:


Captan

 

Definition

 

Sensitizer

 

dermatitis 

Term

RODENTICIDES

General

No target selectivity—behavioral differences

Some include emetics

            

Definition

 

Convulsants:


Compound 1080: blocks energy metabolism: 
 

Strychnine: direct convulsant
 

Coumarins and indandiones

 

               

Warfarin® and "superwarfarins":

brodifacoum

difenacoum
Zinc phosphide

 

Term

Convulsants:



rodenticides

Definition


Compound 1080:

blocks energy metabolism:

metabolic acidosis,

shock, arrhythmias,

neurotoxicity

(violent tonic-clonic convulsions)

 

Strychnine: direct convulsant

Term

Coumarins and indandiones


Rodenticides

Definition

 

decrease synthesis of clotting factors

 

increase permeability of capillaries

 

                Warfarin® and

"superwarfarins":

brodifacoum, difenacoum

Term

 

 Zinc phosphide

 

 

rodenticides

 

Definition

 

phosphine formed,

inhibits electron transport chain


dust: pulmonary edema 

ingestion: absorbed in gut

        n/v, hepatic failure,
       hypocalcemia,

renal tubular damage,
             cardiomyopathy

 ventricular arrhythmias

Term

Insect Repellent

 

DEET

Definition

Diethyltoluamide

 

systemically absorbed:

 

toxic encephalopathy

 

HA/ restlessness/ irritability

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