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All the higlighted points of lectures on blood disorders
42
Pathology
Graduate
10/13/2009

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
ACD
Definition
Normal size cells, low reticulocytes, low serum iron
Term
ACD
Definition
High Ferratin, High hepcidin
Term
Thalassemia
Definition
Microcytic anemia, target cells, basophilic stippling, normal or slightly raised Fe, raised ferritin
Term
Hg A2 electrophoresis
Definition
Test for Thallesemia?
Term
30-300 for women, 15-200 for men
Definition
Ferritin reference ranges
Term
Megaloblastic anemia
Definition
Biochemical defect in DNA synthesis causes impaired cell division, but cytoplasm still orderly
Term
Pernicious anemia
Definition
Autoimmune gastritis followed by gastric atrophy causes...
Term
pernicious anemia
Definition
Antibodies to parietal cells and IF found in peripheral blood
Term
Pernicious anemia
Definition
Low HCL in stomach, low IF
Term
Schilling's test
Definition
Tests for IF deficiency vs. malabsorbtion
Term
Pernicious anemia
Definition
Low RBC lifespan, low haptoglobin, high bilirubin, high LDH
Term
pernicious anemia
Definition
Low serum B12, high Methylmalonic acid, high homocystiene
Term
bilirubin
Definition
breakdown product of protoporphyrin
Term
1. Hgb-Haptoglobin
2. Hgb-albumin (Methemalbumin)
3. Hgb
Definition
Three things appearing in urine with increasing levels of hemolysis
Term
Parvovirus B19
Definition
Hemolytic anemia targeting P antigen (globoside)
Term
Parvovirus B19
Definition
erythema infectiosum (fifth disease- "slapped face")
Term
Hereditary spherocytosis
Definition
Increased osmotic fragility (RBCs lyse when exposed to hypotonic solutions)
Term
Autohemolysis test- culture cells 48 hours and see if they autohemolyze
Definition
Test used to diagnose hereditary spherocytosis
Term
Heinz bodies
Definition
RBC inclusions from precipitates. "Pitted" by spleen (chunk of RBC removed- RBC may turn into spherocyte)
Term
Hydroxyurea
Definition
Increases level of fetal Hemoglobin F- in treatment of Sickle Cell or malaria
Term
can cause vasoocclusion
Definition
danger posed by platelets, neutrophils, dehydration in sickle cell
Term
stroke
Definition
worst complication of sickle cell
Term
Hb SC disease
Definition
Splenomegaly, retinopathy, aseptic necrosis of bone
Term
Warm autoantibody hemolytic anemia (IgG)
Definition
Fc receptor mediated (RES) destruction
Low levels of C3b inactivated to C3d
Extravascular hemolysis
Term
Cold agglutinin hemolytic anemia (IgM)
Definition
Agglutination of RBC in cold (4°C)
Complement fixation → Cell lysis
Intravascular hemolysis
Term
Direct antiglobulin test (Coombs' test)
Definition
Test for autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Term
Indirect antiglobulin test (Coombs' test)
Definition
test for antigen
Term
Chronic cold agglutinin disease (CAD)
Definition
Direct Coombs' test positive for complement and negative for IgG. High reticulocytes
Term
Cold agglutinin disease (CAD)
Definition
Mild anemia, high reticulocytes, agglutination visible to naked eye
Term
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA)
Definition
RBC Schistocytes on Peripheral blood smear
Term
VWF
Definition
Exposed under high shear. Binds GP1b
Term
GPIIb-IIIa
Definition
Bound by fibrinogen to begin platelet aggregation
Term
Platelets <50% or 100,000 with no other cause of thromboctyopenia other than heparin. Discontinue heparin IMMEDIATELY!!
Definition
Clinical diagnosis of HIT
Term
Ideopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
Definition
Autoimmune IgG against platelet glycoproteins.
Term
Thrombic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
Definition
MAHA, thrombocytopenia, fever, renal abnormalities, CNS in YOUNG WOMAN (mostly)
Term
PTT
Definition
test for intrinsic pathway
Term
VWD
Definition
Autosomal dominant, mucocutaneous bleeding (bruising, epistaxis, menorrhagia), prolonged PTT
Term
VWD
Definition
Most common inherited coagulopathy
Term
Ristocetin
Definition
Term
PT
Definition
Extrensic pathway test
Term
2,7,9,10
Definition
Vitamin K dependent coagulation factors
Term
Roleaux
Definition
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