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Small and Large Intestine
Medical School Gross Anatomy
33
Anatomy
Graduate
10/26/2011

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Cards

Term
The jejunum makes up about how much of the small intenstine?
Definition
2/5ths
Term
The ileum makes up about how much of the small intestine?
Definition
3/5ths
Term
What is the ligament of treitz (suspensory ligament of the duodenum)?
Definition
ligament that connects the duodenum to the diapraghm
Term
Jejunum or Ileum have a thick wall?
Definition
Jejunum
Term
Jejunum or Ileum have many arcades?
Definition
Ileum
Term
Jejunum or Ileum have a translucent mesentery?
Definition
Jejunum
Term
Jejunum or Ileum have long Vasa Recta?
Definition
Jejunum
Term
Jejunum or Ileum have few Plicae Circulares?
Definition
Ileum
Term
Which section of the small intestine contains Peyer's Patches?
Definition
Ileum
Term
Jejunum or Ileum have a fat filled mesentery?
Definition
Ileum
Term
What is the function of Peyer's patches?
Definition
Developing B lymphocytes
Term
Where does the ileum empty?
Definition
Cecum
Term
What branch of the mesenteric artery provides vascularization to the cecum?
Definition
Ileocolic artery via the anterior and posterior Cecal branches
Term
How does appendicitis happen?
Definition
Typically a fecal stone from the cecum will drop into the appendix and choke off the blood flow to the appendix. This will result in cutting off the blood flow to the appendix (Appendicular artery) and causing the appendix to become necrotic
Term
What is the pattern of appendicitis?
Definition
Initial diffuse pain in the umbilicus and then (when the inflammation spreads to the anterior wall) point discrimination in the lower right quadrant
Term
What is the name for the muscles on the outside of the colon?
Definition
Tenia coli
Term
Is the ileocecal valve a complete valve?
Definition
No, does not close completely, reflux can occur
Term
Ascending Colon
Definition
Secondarily retroperitoneal
Term
Transverse colon
Definition
mesenteric
Term
Descending colon
Definition
secondarily retroperitoneal
Term
sigmoid colon
Definition
mesenteric
Term
rectum
Definition
secondarily retroperitoneal
Term
What is the name for the turns in the colon? I.e when ascending turns to transverse and transverse turns to descending
Definition
Rt and Lft Colic Flexure
Term
What are Haustra?
Definition
outpocket of colon caused by the tenia coli
Term
What are appendicis epiploica?
Definition
Fat that hangs off of the Tenia Colia
Term
What is the main function of the colon?
Definition
Water reabsorption, most of digestion has already taken place
Term
What is the paracolic sulcus?
Definition
A ridge along the abdominal wall where the colon sits
Term
What is the clinical significance of infection in the right small intestine versus left small intestine?
Definition
Right side gets trapped inside the abdomen while the a left sided infection can easily travel to the pelvis
Term
What is the clinical significance of right or left infections above the colon?
Definition
Infection above the colon on either side can travel down the paracolic sulcus to the pelvis
Term
What is the significance of the marginal artery?
Definition
creates anastomoses between the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries in the colon
Term
What is a proximal cause of diverticulum in the the colon?
Definition
Arteria recti (from marginal artery) pierce in around the Tenia coli which weakens the wall of the colon allowing for outpocketing
Term
Nerves from the thoracic splanchnic reach how far into the colon?
Definition
Transverse colon
Term
Where does the sympathetic enervation for the colon, after the transverse colon, come from?
Definition
Lumbar splanchnics
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