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Sheep
VM 609 Midterm
38
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
09/04/2012

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Estrous Length
Definition
16-17 days
short day breeders
Term
Estrus Length
Definition
36 hours
Term
when to AI?
Definition
18-24 hours after standing heat
Term
When to detect pregnancy?
Definition
30-35 days with ultrasound
As early as 20 days
Term
Gestation Length
Definition
140-155 days
Term
Peak Prolificy Females
Definition
3-6 years old
Term
Peak Prolificy Males
Definition
2 years
Term
Virbio Organism
Definition
Campylobacter fetus
Term
Vibrio Signs
Definition
late pregnancy abortions, still births, weak lambs, metritis, peritonitis
Term
Vibrio Gross Lesions
Definition
placentitis with edema and necrosis of cotyledons (pale)
intrauterine death
subQ edema and fluid of fetus
40% rare necrotic liver foci in ewe
Term
Vibrio Control
Definition
hygiene, vaccine, mass medication
Term
Toxoplasmosis Organism
Definition
Toxoplasma gondii
Term
Toxoplasmosis Signs
Definition
Early - early embryonic/fetal death
mummies
Late - abortion, perinatal lamb loss
ewe is asymptomatic
Term
Toxoplasmosis Gross Lesions
Definition
cotyledons have gray/white foci 1-3 mm
Term
Toxoplasmosis Control
Definition
control cat populatin
rumensin
Term
Enzootic Abortion of Ewes (EAE) Organism
Definition
Chlamydia
different strains from polyarthritis and conjunctivitis
Term
Enzootic Abortion of Ewes (EAE) Signs
Definition
late term abortion
still births
weak lambs
fetal mummification
Thickened placenta with red to gray cotyledons
Intercotyledonary zone affected
may not abort until next pregnancy if infected late gestation
if infected early gestation will abort
Chorionitis with elementary bodies (impression smears)
Term
Enzootic Abortion of Ewes (EAE) Control
Definition
hygiene, tetracycline, vaccinate
Term
When to Intervene with Parturition?
Definition
at 1 - 1.5 hours of no progress during Stage II of parturition
Term
Balanoposthitis Organism
Definition
Corynebacterium renale?
Term
Balanoposthitis Causes
Definition
associated with high protein diets
Brevibacterius ammoniogenes converts urea into ammonia which irritates the pizzle
Term
Balanoposthitis Treatment
Definition
clean, antibacterial ointment
feed ammonium chloride
Term
Scrotal Mange Organism
Definition
Chorioptes bovis
Term
Scrotal Mange Treatment
Definition
ivermectin, fenvalerate, coumpahos, trochlorfon
Term
Scrotal Abscess Organism
Definition
Actinomyces pyogenes
Term
Scrotal Abscess Signs
Definition
one or both testicles is englarged and hot
decreased sperm count/quality
infertility
Term
Scrotal Abscess Treatment
Definition
drain
need to do follow up breeding soundness exams to determine if animal is back in production after 1 spermatic cycle
Term
Epididymitis Organism
Definition
Brucella ovis
Term
Epididymitis Transmission
Definition
congenital
passive venereal infection
Term
Epididymitis Gross Lesions
Definition
spermatic granulomas of epididymal tubules
Term
Epididymitis Treatment
Definition
do not vaccinate
test and cull
Term
Epididymitis in Peripubertal Rams Organism
Definition
Actinobacillus seminis
Term
Epididymitis in Peripubertal Rams Transmission
Definition
homosexual behavior
Term
Epididymitis in Peripubertal Rams Signs
Definition
severe acute painful testicles
palpation of epididymis sore
Term
Causes of Infertility in Ewe
Definition
2-5% female genetic abnormalities
no cystic ovaries
asynchronous mating
starvation
selenium deficiency
30% zygote loss normal
too hot
too fat/skinny
estrogenic compounds (alfalfa, red clover, subterraneoan clover, ladino, birdsfoot trefoil)
Term
Causes of Abortions in Ewe
Definition
stress
pregnancy toxemia
Term
Pregnancy Toxemia Mechanism
Definition
during last part of gestation, metabolic requirements of fetus increase and of milk production
ewe not eating enough or too fat and gets hepatic lipidosis
Cerebral hypoglycemia coupled with ketosis, ketoacidosis, and reduced hepatic and renal function lead to the clinical signs and fetal death
Term
Ewe Management During Pregnancy
Definition
right plane of nutrition
exercise
deworm right before parturition and before breeding
vaccination for Clostridium and tetanus
meds for scours, salmonella, pneumonia
shearing/tagging/crutching
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