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Sexual Human Development
Chapters 1 through 5
107
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
02/08/2011

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Term
Gender (1)
Definition
The behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex.
Term
Gender Roles (1)
Definition
Complex clusters of ways in which males and females are expected to behave within a given culture.
Term
Human Sexuality (1)
Definition
The ways in which we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings.
Term
Values (1)
Definition
The qualities in life that are deemed important or unimportant, right or wrong, desirable or undesirable.
Term
Principles of Critical Thinking (1)
Definition
1. Be Skeptical
2. Examine Definitions of Terms
3. Examine the assumptions or premises of arguments.
4. Be cautious in drawing conclusions from evidence.
5. Consider alternative interpretations of research evidence.
6. Consider kinds of evidence on which conclusions are based.
7. Do not over simplify.
8. Do not overgeneralize.
Term
Phallic Worship (1)
Definition
Worship of the penis as a symbol of generative power.
Term
Phallic Symbol (1)
Definition
An image of the penis
Term
Incest Taboo (1)
Definition
The prohibition against intercourse and reproduction among close blood relatives.
Term
Bisexual (1)
Definition
Sexually responsive to either gender.
Term
Pederasty (1)
Definition
Sexual love of boys
Term
Courtesan (1)
Definition
A prostitute - especially the mistress of a noble or wealthy man.
Term
Concubine (1)
Definition
A secondary wife, usually of inferior legal and social status.
Term
Bestiality (1)
Definition
Sexual relations between a person and an animal.
Term
Sadism (1)
Definition
The practice of achieving sexual gratification through hurting or humiliating others.
Term
Fellatio (1)
Definition
A sexual activity involving oral contact with the penis. (Blow Job)
Term
Cunnilingus (1)
Definition
A sexual activity involving oral contact with the female genitals.
Term
Fornication (1)
Definition
Sexual intercourse between people who are not married to one another.
Term
Evolution (1)
Definition
The development of a species to its present state, which is believed to involve adaptations to its environment.
Term
Natural Selection (1)
Definition
The evolutionary process by which adaptive traits enable members of a species to survive to reproductive age and transmit these traits to future generations.
Term
Mutation (1)
Definition
A random change in the molecular structure of DNA.
Term
Chromosomes (1)
Definition
The rodlike structures that reside in the nuclei of ever living cell and carry the genetic code in form of genes.
Term
DNA (1)
Definition
Deoxyribonucleic acid - the chemical substance whose molecules make up genes and chromosomes.
Term
Psychoanalysis (1)
Definition
The theory of personality originated by Sigmund Freud, which proposes that human behavior represents the outcome of clashing inner forces.
Term
Defense Mechanism (1)
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, automatic processes that protect the ego from anxiety by disguising or ejecting ideas and urges.
Term
Repression (1)
Definition
The automatic ejection of anxiety-evoking ideas from consciousness.
Term
Erogenous Zones (1)
Definition
Parts of the body, including but not limited to the sex organs, that are responsive to sexual stimulation
Term
Psycho-sexual Development (1)
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, the process by which sexual feelings shift from one erogenous zone to another.
Term
Oedipus Complex (1)
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, a conflict of the phallic stage in which the boys wishes to possess his mother sexually and perceives his father as a rival in love. (vice versa for girls)
Term
Queer Theory (1)
Definition
A theory that challenges heternomativity and heterosexism.
Term
Homophobia (1)
Definition
Hatred of homosexuals.
Term
Anthropomorphism (2)
Definition
The attributing of human characteristics to an animal.
Term
Population (2)
Definition
A complete group of organism or events.
Term
Case Study (2)
Definition
A carefully drawn, in-depth biography of an individual or a small group of individuals that may be obtained though interviews, questionnaires, and historical records.
Term
Naturalistic Observation (2)
Definition
A method in which organisms are observed in their natural environments.
Term
Ethnographic Observation (2)
Definition
A method of research that deals descriptively with specific cultures, especially preliterate societies.
Term
Participant observation (2)
Definition
A method in which observers interact with the people they study as they collect data.
Term
Laboratory Observation (2)
Definition
A method in which subjects are studied in a laboratory setting.
Term
Correlation (2)
Definition
A statistical measure of the relationship between two variables.
Term
Correlation Coefficient (2)
Definition
A statistic that expresses the strength and direction (positive or negative)of a relationship between two variables.
Term
Experiment (2)
Definition
A scientific method that seeks to confirm cause-and-effect relationships by manipulating independent variables and observing their effects on dependent variables.
Term
Treatment (2)
Definition
In experiments, an intervention that is administered to participants so that its effects may be observed.
Term
IV
Definition
What is manipulated in an experiment
Term
DV
Definition
What is being measured in an experiment.
Term
Experimental Group (2)
Definition
A group of study participants who receive a treatment.
Term
Control Group (2)
Definition
A group of study participants who don't receive the experimental treatment. However, other conditions held comparable to those of individuals in the experimental group.
Term
Selection factor (2)
Definition
A bias that may operate in research when people are allowed to determine whether or not they will receive treatment.
Term
Pheromones (5)
Definition
Chemical substances secreted externally by certain animals, which convey information to, or produce specific responses in, other members of the same species.
Term
Erogenous Zones (5)
Definition
Parts of the body that are especially sensitive to tactile sexual stimulation.
Term
Primary Erogenous Zones (5)
Definition
Erogenous zones that are particularly sensitive because they are richly endowed with nerve endings.
Term
Secondary Erogenous Zones (5)
Definition
Erogenous zones that become especially sensitive though experience.
Term
Aphrodisiacs (5)
Definition
Drugs or other agents that are sexually arousing or that increase sexual desire.
Term
Anti-androgen (5)
Definition
A substance that decreases the levels of androgens in the bloodstream. May have an-aphrodisiac effects.
Term
Hormone (5)
Definition
A chemical that is secreted directly into the bloodstream by a ductless glad, and which influences the functions of the body and/or behavior.
Term
Estrus (5)
Definition
A brief period of fertility that corresponds to ovulation.
Term
Ovariectomy (5)
Definition
Surgical removal of the ovaries.
Term
Sexual Response Cycle (5)
Definition
Masters and Johnson's model of sexual response, which consists of four phases. (excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution)
Term
Vasocongestion (5)
Definition
The swelling of the genital tissues with blood, which causes an erection of the penis and engorgement of the area surrounding the vaginal opening.
Term
Myotonia (5)
Definition
Muscle Tension
Term
Excitement Phase (5)
Definition
The first phase of the sexual response cycle, which is characterized by erection in the male, vaginal lubrication in the female, and muscle tension and increases in heart rate in both male and female.
Term
Sex Flush (5)
Definition
A reddish rash that appears on the chest or breasts late in the excitement phase of the sexual response cycle.
Term
Plateau Phase (5)
Definition
The second phase of the sexual response cycle, which is characterized by increases in vasocongestion, muscle tension, heart rate, and blood pressure in preparation for orgasm.
Term
Sex Skin (5)
Definition
Reddening of the labia minora that occurs during the plateau phase.
Term
Orgasmic Phase (5)
Definition
The phase of the sexual response cycle that is characterized by rapid succession of muscular contractions in the genital regions of both males and females, and also my ejaculation by males.
Term
Resolution Phase (5)
Definition
The 4th phase of the sexual response cycle, during which the body gradually returns to its prearoused state.
Term
Refractory Period (5)
Definition
A period of time following a response (ex. orgasm) during which an individual is no longer responsive to stimulation (ex. sexual stimulation)
Term
Multiple Orgasms (5)
Definition
One or more additional orgasms following the first, which occur within a short period of time and before the body has returned to a pre-plateau level of arousal.
Term
Pudendum (3)
Definition
The external sexual structures of the female.
Term
Vulva (3)
Definition
Another term for the external sexual structures of the female.
Term
Mons veneris (3)
Definition
A mound of fatty tissue that covers the joint of the pubic bones in front of the body, below the abdomen and above the clitoris.
Term
Labia Majora (3)
Definition
Large folds of the skin that run down along the sides of the vulva(lips)
Term
Labia Minora (3)
Definition
Hairless, light-colored membranes, located between the labia majora.
Term
Clitoris (3)
Definition
A female sex organ consisting of a shaft and glans located above the urethral opening. It is extremely sensitive to sexual sensations.
Term
Prepuce (3)
Definition
The fold of the skin covering the glans of the clitoris (or penis).
Term
Homologous (3)
Definition
Similar in structure; developing from the same embryonic tissue.
Term
Analogous
Definition
Similar in function.
Term
Clitoridectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of the clitoris.
Term
Vestibule
Definition
The area in the labia minora that contains the openings to the vagina and the uretha.
Term
Cystitis
Definition
An inflammation of the urinary bladder.
Term
Hymen
Definition
A fold of tissue across the vaginal opening that is usually present at birth and remains at least partly in tact until a woman engages in coitus.
Term
Vagina
Definition
The tubular sex organ that contains the penis during sexual intercourse and through which a baby is born.
Term
Douche
Definition
Application of a jet of liquid to the vagina as a rinse.
Term
Vaginitis
Definition
Vaginal Inflammation.
Term
Cervix
Definition
The lower end of the uterus.
Term
Os
Definition
The opening in the middle of the cervix.
Term
Pap Test
Definition
A test of a sample of cervical calls that screens for cervical cancer and other abnormalities.
Term
Uterus
Definition
The hallow, muscular,pear shaped organ in which a fertilized ovum implants and develops until birth.
Term
Fundus
Definition
The uppermost part of the uterus.
Term
Endometrium
Definition
The inner most layer of the uterus.
Term
Endometriosis
Definition
A condition caused by the growth of edometrial tissue in the abdominal cavity or elsewhere outside the uterus and characterized by menstrual pain.
Term
Myometrium
Definition
The middle, well-muscled layer of the uterus.
Term
Perimetrium
Definition
The outer layer of the uterus.
Term
Ectopic Pregnancy
Definition
Pregnancy in which a fertilized ovum implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube.
Term
Secondary Sex Characteristics
Definition
Traits that distinguish the sexes from one another but are not directly involved in reproduction.
Term
Menstruation
Definition
The cyclical bleeding that stems from the shedding of the uterine lining.
Term
Testes
Definition
The male gonads.
Term
Testosterone
Definition
The male sex hormone that fosters the development of male sex characteristics and is connected with the sex drive.
Term
Proliferative Phase
Definition
The first phase of the menstrual cycle, which begins with the end of menstruation and lasts about nine or ten days. During this phase, the endometrium proliferates.
Term
Foreskin
Definition
The loose skin that covers the penile glans. Also referred to as the prepuce.
Term
Circumcision
Definition
Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis.
Term
Shaft
Definition
The body of the penis, which expands as a result of vasocongestion.
Term
Scrotum
Definition
The pouch of loose skin that contains the testes.
Term
Dartos Muscle
Definition
The muscle in the middle layer of the scrotum that contracts and relaxes in response to temperature changes.
Term
Sperm
Definition
The male germ cell.
Term
Vasectomy
Definition
Serving as the vas deferens, preventing sperm from reaching the ejaculatory duct.
Term
Prostate Gland
Definition
The gland that lies beneath the bladder and secretes prostatic fluid, which gives semen its characteristic odor and texture.
Term
Semen
Definition
The whitish fluid that constitutes the ejaculate, consisting of sperm and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate, and Cowper's glands.
Term
Prostatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the prostate gland.
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