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Semester I Exam Review NEW
Important Scientists From This Semester
14
Chemistry
11th Grade
03/23/2009

Additional Chemistry Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Dalton
Definition

 

Matter is composed of small indivisible particles called ATOMS (Billiard ball model). These particles always combined in whole number ratios.

 

Term
Mendeleev
Definition

 

1st periodic table arrangement in "grid" format.
Arrangement was by WEIGHT.

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Term
Bunsen
Definition
 
Inventor of the SPECTROSCOPE.  Identified 3 types of spectra:  Continuous, Emission (or bright line), and absorption.
 
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Term
Thomson
Definition

 

Used a highly modified cathode ray tube to discover the ELECTRON.  (see diagram below)


Measured the RATIO of mass to charge in an electron.


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Term
Rutherford
Definition

Gold foil experiment. First to experiment on the structure of the atom.

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A = Hard impenetrable center called the nucleus.
B = Atom is mostly empty space
C = Nucleus has a (+) charge, same as an alpha particle
Term
Bohr
Definition

 

Added the concept of 7 ENERGY LEVELS to the Rutherford solar system model of the atom. Also explained Bright-line & absorbtion spectra by electrons changing energy levels as atoms absorb and emit light energy.



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Term
Heisenberg
Definition

Uncertainity Principle. The exact position of an electron cannot be known all the time, due to the electron size and speed. Beginnings of the statistical model of the atom. 

 

 Also was leader of the Nazi project to construct an atomic weapon during WWII.

Term
Shroedinger
Definition

Developed the statistical model of the atom to include areas of high electron probability called ORBITALS.

 

 

 

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Term
Pauli
Definition
Exclusion principle (2 electrons maximum per orbital shape...) and the concept of electron spin or full -vs- partial orbitals.
Term
Millikan
Definition
OIL DROP EXPERIMENT: which measured the values for the mass and charge of the electron.


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Term
Hund
Definition

Hund's Rule:  Orbitals are created before they are filled...

 

 

 

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Term
Thomson
Definition
"Pudding Cake" or "Raisin Bun" model of the atom.  The atoms were solid, but had electrons embedded in them (like fruit in a fruit-cake).
Term
Mosley
Definition

Rearranged the modern Periodic Table based on the element's atomic number.

 

 

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Term
Einstein
Definition

Photoelectric effect experiment proving light could act as a particle (1st solar cell)

 

 

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