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Sedimentary/Metamorphic Vocab
Chapter 6 vocab
16
Science
6th Grade
01/31/2005

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Term
sedimentary rocks
Definition
formed from weathered rock particles
Term
3 Types of Sedimentary Rocks
Definition
detrital, organic, and chemical
Term
detrital
Definition
•made of individual particles, skeletal remains or broken fragments of previously existing rocks
•particles are cemented together by other minerals
•rocks that do not have broken fragments are usually crystalline in appearance
Term
organic
Definition
formed directly or indirectly from once-living materials
Term
chemical
Definition
•Formed when a sea or lake dries up
Large amounts of minerals are left behind when the water evaporates
•Evaporation and Precipition of minerals are the reasons they form. In other words, minerals come out of the water to form crystals.
Term
clastic rocks
Definition
rocks that are formed from broken pieces of other rock
Term
non-clastic rocks
Definition
usually crystalline looking and no evidence can be seen that it was formed from broken pieces of other rock
Term
cementation
Definition
a process in which sediments are cemented or “glued” together by minerals dissolved in water to form sedimentary rocks
Term
compaction
Definition
process by which layers of sediments are pressed together to form sedimentary rocks
Term
evaporation and precipitation
Definition
the minerals in seawater turn into
crystals or rock because the water evaporates
Term
Features in identifying sedimentary rocks
Definition
1. have visible layers
2. may contain fossils
3. may have ripple marks
4. may have mud cracks
Term
metamorphic
Definition
rocks that have been changed from an existing type of rock into a new type; most are formed deep beneath the earth’s surface
Term
contact metamorphism
Definition
occurs when rocks are heated by contact with magma or lava
Term
regional metamorphism
Definition
occurs over large areas when rocks buried deep beneath the earth’s surface are changed by increases in temperature and pressure . Mountain building is the most common example. Most metamorphic rocks are of this type.
Term
foliated
Definition
a type of metamorphic rock texture having mineral crystals arranged in parallel layers, or bands
Term
nonfoliated
Definition
a type of metamorphic rock texture that does not have bands of crystals and does not break into layers
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