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Second Half of Art History
Kendall College of Art
72
Art History
Undergraduate 1
11/10/2012

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is a tetrarchy
Definition
It is a form of government that is divided into four parts "rule of four"
Term
When did the tetrarchy start in Rome
Definition
286 CE
Term
[image]
Definition
The Tetrarchs ca 300CE Porphyry, Height 51"
Term
[image]
Definition
Bust of Diocletian c 284-305 CE
Term
Who is Diocletian?
Definition
Augustus of the East in tetrarchy
Term
Maximian
Definition
The augustus of the west under the tetrarchy
Term
who is Maxentius and Constantine
Definition
Caesars of the east and the west in Rome
Term
[image]
Definition
Triumphal Arch of Constantine, Rome 312-315 CE Marble Height 70'
Term
Who did Constantine defeat at Battle of Milvian Bridge
Definition
Maxentius
Term
When did the Battle of Milvian Bridge occur
Definition
312 CE
Term
What is Spolia
Definition
The recycling of artwork or taking art work from one work adding to another
Term
[image]
Definition
Oratio of Constantine
Term
[image]
Definition
Hadrianic Tondos Hunting Boar and Sacrificing to Apollo
Term
Basilica
Definition
large rectangular building, often built with a clerestory, side aisles, central nave and apse at one or both ends. Roman centers of administration & law, later adapted to Christian church use.
Term
[image]
Definition
Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine (Basilica Nova), Rome, 306-313 CE, brick / concrete construction
Term
Clerestory
Definition
topmost zone of wall with windows, providing direct light into the central interior space
Term
Barrel Vault
Definition
arched, semicircular continuous masonry structure that spans an interior space (shaped like a half-cylinder)
Term
Nave
Definition
central space of a basilica, two or three stories high
Term
Apse
Definition
large semicircular (often vaulted) niche protruding from the end wall of a building
Term
[image]
Definition
Constantine the Great, Rome, c. 325-326 CE. Marble, height of head 8’6” Sheets of bronze were used for the drapery/body but no longer survive.
Term
When did Constantine legalize Christianity
Definition
331 CE
Term
When did Constantine convert to christianity
Definition
337 CE
Term
Formation of Early Christian Art
Definition
Romans Begin to reject polytheism
Term
[image]
Definition
Santa Maria Antiqua Sarcophagus, c. 270 CE. Marble, 1’11” x 7’2”
Term
Catacombs
Definition
underground burial ground with niches or chambers for urns and sarcophagi.
Term
Christ as Good Shepard
Definition
SYNCRETISM

That is, the iconography is based on pagan images of Apollo, Hermes and Orpheus among animals
Term
Byzantine Art
Definition
the art of Constantinople and the Eastern Roman Empire
Term
Highlights of Byzantine Art
Definition
Mosaic decoration in the churches

Luxury arts for the court

Illuminated manuscripts of biblical texts

Icon paintings (portraits of Christ, the Virgin and the Saints )
Term
CODEX
Definition
sheets of vellum or parchment (sheepskin or calfskin) bound together like a modern book
Term
Manuscript
Definition
Handwritten Book
Term
Miniature
Definition
Painted Illustration
Term
icon
Definition
has been loosely applied to almost any painting on panel in the Byzantine style, but in the strict sense icon implied portraiture and more specifically portraits of Christ, Mary and saints.
Term
ENCAUSTIC
Definition
pigments fused with a wax matrix
Term
Proskynesis
Definition
prostrating oneself before the image – extreme, physical form of devotion
Term
ICONOCLASM
Definition
(“image breaking”) = controversy in Byzantine history when icons and other forms of religious imagery were banned in churches by imperial edict.
Term
Psalter
Definition
book containing only the Psalms
Term
[image]
Definition

David Battling Goliath, silver plate, made in Constantinople, 629-630, 19 7/16 x 2 5/8 in.

Term
[image]
Definition

Virgin and Child with Saints and Angels (Icon), late 6th century. Encaustic on wood, 27 x 19”

From Monastery of Saint Catherine, Mount Sinai, Egypt

Term
[image]
Definition

Queen Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX, from a Moralized Bible made in Paris, 1226-134, ink, tempera and gold leaf on parchment, 15 X 10”

Term
[image]
Definition

The Sainte-Chapelle

Paris, 1243-48, Rayonnant (Radiant) Gothic or Parisian Court Style

Term
[image]
Definition

Virgin and Child, ca. 1339. Silver gilt and enamel, height 27 1/8”

Term
[image]
Definition
Hours of Jeanne d’Evreux, by Jean Pucelle, Paris, c. 1325-28.  Grisaille and color on vellum, each page 3 ½ x 2 ¼
Term
Grisaille
Definition
monochromatic painting in shades of gray with faint touches of color.
Term
Book of Hours:
Definition
personal prayer book that contains prayers to be recited eight times each day, mimicking the long-established practice of monks and nuns.
Term
Book of Hours
Definition
personal prayer book that contains prayers to be recited eight times each day, mimicking the long-established practice of monks and nuns.
Term
[image]
Definition

Paul, Herman and Jean Limbourg (Limbourg Brothers), January: The Duke of Berry at Table. Très Riches Heures, 1411-16. Colors and ink on parchment, 22.5x13.7 cm.

Term
Syncretism
Definition
A process whereby artists assimilate images and ideas from other traditions or cultures and give them new meanings
Term
Narrative Image
Definition
A picture that recounts an event drawn from a story either factual (biblical) or fictional
Term
Icon
Definition
An image representing a sacred figure or event in the Byzantine and later in Orthodox Church Icons were venerated by the faithful who believed them to have miraculous powers
Term
Manuscript
Definition
Handwritten book or document
Term
Reliquary
Definition
A Container often made of precious materials used as a repository to protect and display sacred relics
Term
Parchment
Definition
A writing surface made from treated skins of animals very fine parchment is known as vellum
Term
Ambulatory
Definition
The passage around the apse in a basilican church or around the central space in a central-plan building
Term
Lancet
Definition
A tall narrow window crowned by a sharply pointed arch typically found in Gothic Architecture
Term
Relic
Definition
A venerated object associated with a saint or martyr
Term
Chiaroscuro
Definition
An Italian Word Designating the contrast of dark and light in a painting drawing or print chiaroscuro creates spatial depth and volumetric forms through gradations in the intensity of light and shadow
Term
Iconic Image
Definition
A picture that expresses or embodies an intangible concept or idea
Term
Mosaic
Definition
Images formed by small colored stone or glass pieces affixed to a hard stable surface
Term
Miniatures
Definition
Anything small. In painting miniatures may be illustrations within albums or manuscripts or intimate portraits
Term
Animal Interlace or Animal Style
Definition
Decoration made of interwoven animals or serpents often found in Celtic and early medieval Northern European art
Term
Cloister
Definition
An open space within a monastery surrounded by an arcaded or colonnaded walkway often having a fountain and garden. The most important monastic buildings open off of it. Since members or a cloistered order do not leave the monatery or interact with outsiders the cloister represents the center of their enclosed world
Term
Tracery
Definition
Stonework or woodwork applied to wall surfaces or filling the open space of windows in plate tracery openings are cut through the wall. In bar tracery mulluins divide the space into vertical segments and form decorative patterns at the top of the opening or panel
Term
Transept
Definition
The arm of a cruciform church perpendicular to the nave. The point where the nave and the transept cross is called the crossing. Beyond the crossing lies the sanctuary, whether apse, choir, or chavet
Term
Sfumato
Definition
Smokiness in High Renaissance art
Term
Who was the patron of Michelangelo's Pieta?
Definition
Cardinal Jean Bilhères de Lagraulas (French Cardinal)
Term
Allegory
Definition
an image or images that symbolize an idea, concept, or principle, often moral or religious.
Term
[image]
Definition
Lancet 
Term
[image]
Definition
Flying Buttress 
Term
[image]
Definition
Celestory 
Term
Who was the imperial sponsor of the church of Saint Vitale ?
Definition
Emperorer Justinian 
Term
[image]
Definition

Church & Martyriumof San Vitale,

 Ravenna, Italy

c. 520-548.

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