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Scleritis and Episcleritis
Diseases of the Eye 1 - Optometry Waterloo
22
Pathology
Professional
11/16/2011

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What tissues does the episclera lie between?
Definition
-tenon's capsule and sclera
Term
What does the episclera consist of?
Definition
-dense vascular connective tissue
Term
What three vascular layers cover the anterior sclera?
Definition

-conjunctival vessels

-Vessels within tenon's capsule or superficial episclera plexus

-deep vascular plexus

Term
You administer phenylephrine to a Px, which layers of the anterior sclera do you expect NOT to be blanched?
Definition

-deep vascular plexus

 

Term
Describe the conjunctival vessels
Definition

-most superficial, injected in conjunctivitis

-will blanch

Term
Describe vessels within Tenon's Capsule.
Definition

-radially oriented - injected in episcleritis

-can be moved with manipulation

-some blanching 

Term
Which vessels are injected in scleritis?
Definition
-deep vascular plexus (superficial scleral vessels)
Term
What are the three possible scleral abnormalities?
Definition

-discoloration

-scleritis

-episcleritis

Term
What is a hyaline plaque
Definition

-senile scleral translucency

-focal scleral discoloration

-common and harmless

Term
What are common feature of episcleritis?
Definition

-benign and idiopathic

-can be recurrent

-typically affects young adults

-never progresses to scleritis or corneal involvment

Term
Px presents to you unilateral redness in one eye that is sectoral in nature and quite tender. What would you suspect?
Definition
Episcleritis
Term
What are the two forms of episcleritis?
Definition
-simple and nodular (may last longer)
Term
Px comes in with a sector redness in right eye, dilated vessels and mild edema. You ask him to return in a few weeks or if gets worse. He comes in 2 weeks later and has resolved. What was it?
Definition
Simple episcleritis
Term
Px present with abnormal sclera. They complain of pain, however you note that the injected vessels no not move easily through lid and vessels do not blanch upon phenylephrine use. What is it?
Definition
Scleritis
Term
What is scleritis?
Definition
-edema and cellular infiltration of entire thickness of sclera (rare)
Term
What is the most common cause of systemic scleritis?
Definition

-rheumatoid arthritis

-also wegeners granulomatosis

Term
What is the most common type of anterior scleritis?
Definition
-non necrotizing (85%)
Term
What is the major difference between diffuse and nodular anterior non-necrotizing scleritis?
Definition
-diffuse is benign while nodular is site threatening in 25% of cases
Term
What is the main treatment for anterior non-necrotizing scleritis?
Definition

-Oral prednisolone and oral NSAIDS

-combined therapy or injection of steroids

Term
necrotizing anterior scleritis with inflammation, is often associated with?
Definition
-systemic vasculitis
Term
necrotizing scleritis without inflammation is most often associated with?
Definition
-rheumatoid arthritis
Term
What are a few signs of posterior scleritis?
Definition

-macular folds

-retinal edema

-disc edema

-retinal detachment

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