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Science Test 7 Study Guide
Testing and study on 7.1, 7.2, an 7.3
18
Science
8th Grade
12/17/2009

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Cards

Term
What is erosion?
Definition
It is the process that wears away surface materials and moves them from one location to another
Term
What is the final stage of an erosional process?
Definition
Deposition
Term
What are the four major agents of erosion?
Definition
Wind, gravity, water, and glaciers, move only when there is energy of motion. All drop load of sediments when energy of motion decreases
Term
Mass movement
Definition
Gravity alone causes material down slope
Term
Slump
Definition
A type of mass movement in which one large mass of loose material or rock layers move downhill, leaving a curved scar(curved scar where eroded material once was located)
Term
Creep
Definition
A type of mass movement in which sediments move down a hill slowly, sometimes causing posts and trees to lean(leaning fencepost)
Term
Rock slides
Definition
Happen when large blocks of rock break loose from a steep slope and start tumbling. As they fall, they crash into other rocks and knock them loose. (Beware of falling rock)
Term
Mudflows
Definition
A thick mixture of sediments and water flowing down a slope and forms a cone shaped deposit(cone shaped deposit)
Term
Similarities of all mass movements
Definition
Likely to happen on steep slopes, depend of gravity, occur more likely heavy rain adds mass and lubricates area, and also start from the top of slope and deposit downslope
Term
Ways to reduce steep slope erosions
Definition
1. Terrace- broad, step-like cuts on the side of a slope, slows down water energy
2. Retaining walls- keep rock and soil from sliding downhill
3. Planting vegetation- plants roots hold soil in place and absorb large amounts of water
Term
Glacier
Definition
Mass of snow and ice moving slowly downhill due to weight and is the most powerful erosion agent. Continental and valley
Term
Plucking
Definition
Glacial erosion where rock fragmentas are loosened, broke off, and carried away by freezing water in rock cracks
Term
Till
Definition
Mixture of boulders, sand, silt, and clay deposited by a glacier
Term
Outwash
Definition
Stratified material washed our from glacier by meltwater
Term
Moraine
Definition
ridge of unsorted rock bulldozed ahead and to sides of glacier, left behind when glacier melts
Term
Grooves
Definition
Deep parallel scars on rocks
Term
Cirque
Definition
Bowl shaped depression
Term
Horn
Definition
Mountain pinnacle formed by glacial action in three or more cirques
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