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Science Exam Vocab
Vocab Words for the Science Exam
36
Science
6th Grade
05/15/2014

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Term
Allele
Definition

any of several forms of a gene that are 

responsible for hereditary variation.

Term
Anterior
Definition
situated before or at the front of
Term
Arachnida
Definition
A class of arthropods that includes spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks.
Term
Arthropoda
Definition

 

the phylum comprising the arthropods.

Term
Ball and socket
Definition

 a joint in which the   rounded end of one 

bone fits into acuplike end of the other 

bone, allowing for relatively free rotary 

motion, as at the hip or shoulder.

Term
Binomial nomenclature
Definition
a system of nomenclature in which each species is given a unique name that consists of a generic and aspecific term.
Term
Cardiac muscle
Definition

a specialized form of striated muscle 

occurring in the hearts of vertebrates.

Term
Carolus Linnaeus
Definition
  Swedish botanist and founder of the modern binomial classification system for plants and animals.
Term
Cartilage
Definition

A strong, flexible connective tissue that is found in various parts of the body, 

including the joints, theouter ear, and 

the larynx. 

Term
Cell
Definition
The basic unit of living matter in all organisms, consisting of protoplasm enclosed within a cellmembrane.
Term
cell division
Definition
 The process by which a cell divides to form two daughter cells, each of which contains the same geneticmaterial as the original cell and roughly half of its cytoplasm.
Term
cell membrane
Definition

 The semipermeable membrane that 

encloses the cytoplasm of a cell.

Term
Cell reproduction
Definition
When human cells are reproduced and replaced .  The process varies with the kind of cell.   Body cells, such as those that make up skin, hair, and muscle, are duplicated by Mitosis .  Sex cells are duplicated by Meiosis.
Term
cell wall
Definition

The  outermost cell layer found in plants 

but characteristically absent from animal 

cells.

Term
centromere
Definition

The region of the chromosome to which 

the spindle fiber is attached during cell

division (both mitosis and meiosis). 

Term
chlorophyll
Definition

Green pigment found in photosynthetic 

cells that converts light energy into ATP 

to make photosynthesis.

Term
chloroplast
Definition

 

a plastid containing chlorophyll and other pigments, occurring in plants that carry 

out photosynthesis

Term
chromatin
Definition

The substance distributed in the nucleus  of a cell that condenses to form 

chromosomes during celldivision. 

Term
Chromosome
Definition

 A threadlike linear strand of DNA in the 

nucleus of animal and plant cells that 

carries the genes and functions in the 

transmission of hereditary information.

  •  [image]

Term
compound light microscope
Definition
A microscope that uses a combination of lenses and light to magnify a small object held on a slide.
Term
connective tissue
Definition

Tissue that connects, supports, binds, or 

encloses the structures of the body.

Term
cytokinesis
Definition
A stage of mitosis where the cell splits and cell cleavage is visible.
Term
cytoplasm
Definition

The jellylike material inside the cell 

membrane, and, in eukaryotic cells,

surrounds the nucleus. The organelles of 

eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria, the endoplasmicreticulum, and  chloroplasts, 

are contained in the cytoplasm.

Term
diaphragm
Definition
The large muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and is the principal muscle of respiration.
Term
digestion
Definition
A process in which the body breaks down food and absorbs nutrients needed for survival.
Term
Diploid
Definition
A cell that has duplicated chromosomes, making it double the usual amount.
Term
diversity
Definition
Term

DNA

 [image]

Definition

 Deoxyribonucleic acid; aacid that 

consists of two long chains of nucleotide 

twisted together into a double helix and 

joined by hydrogen bonds; it carries the 

cell's genetic information and hereditary 

characteristics 

Term
Dominant
Definition
the one of a pair of alternative alleles that masks the effect of the other when both are present in the same cell or organism.
Term
Dorsal
Definition

 Of, toward, on, in, or near the back or 

upper surface of an organ, a part, or an 

organism.

Term
Double Helix
Definition

 The coiled structure of a double-stranded DNA molecule in which strands 

linked by hydrogen bonds form spiral 

configuration

[image]

Term
Eggs
Definition
the roundish reproductive cell produced by the female 
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition

a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the celloccurring either 

with a smooth surface(smooth endoplasmic reticulum)  or studded with ribosomes 

(rough endoplasmic reticulum)  involved in 

the transport of materials.

Term
Eukaryotic
Definition

A single

celled or multicellular organism whose 

cells contain a distinct membrane-bound nucleus.


Term
Excretion
Definition

to discharge waste matter from the body 

 

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