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Science Ch 1 Vocab
Vocab terms for 8th grade science ch 1 (measurements and speed)
25
Science
8th Grade
08/29/2011

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Term
Scientific Method    
Definition

 a process that is used to gather evidence that leads to understanding.

 

Term
Problem (question) 
Definition

 

First step in the Scientific Method…..what you want to find out…..written as a question.

 

Term
Background information    
Definition

 

You should have at least five observations or facts that may or may not affect the outcome of the experiment.  Your observations could include prior knowledge.

 

Term
Hypothesis    
Definition

 

 An educated guess that answers the question/problem.  It should be stated in an If, Then, and Because statement.  If (independent variable or cause) --- Then (dependent variable or effect)

 

Term
Materials      
Definition

 

 a complete list of all the materials you will need to conduct the experiment.

 

Term
Procedure      
Definition

 

step-by-step procedure you will need to follow in order to carry out your experiment to test the hypothesis.  First step is to gather your materials.

 

Term

Independent variable

Definition

 variable that is changed by the experimenter (also called manipulating variable or experimental variable) ….. plotted on x-axis of a graph.

 

Term
Dependent variable
Definition

 

 variable in an experiment that changes in response to choices made by the experimenter (also called responding variable) ….. plotted on y-axis of a graph.

 

Term
Controlled variable  
Definition

 

 variables in an experiment that are kept the same throughout the experiment.

 

Term

Observations

Definition

a collection of data on what you observe/measure during the experiment.  Observations usually include a data table and /or graph and sometimes a few sentences about what you saw, heard, felt, etc. during the experiment.

 

Term
Conclusions    
Definition

 

a statement about whether or not your hypothesis was correct and why.  A conclusion could also include a few statements that could lead to other related scientific investigations.

 

Term
Investigation 
Definition

 

 one or more experiments that are all connected to answering the same basic question.

 

Term
Experiment     
Definition

 

any situation that is set up to observe and measure something happening.

 

Term

Controlled experiment

Definition

 when one variable is changed and all the others are controlled or stay the same throughout the experiment.

 

 

 

Term
Trial    
Definition

 

each time an experiment is tried.

 

Term
Experimental technique     
Definition

 

  the exact procedure that is followed each time an experiment is repeated (release of car down ramp).

 

Term
Scientific evidence   
Definition

 

 any observations that can be repeated with the same results.

 

Term
Metric system          
Definition

 

a system of measuring that uses, for example, distance units of mm, cm, m, and km.

 

Term
Meter  
Definition

 

1/10,000,000 the length of Earth’s meridian between the Equator and the North Pole.

 

 

 

Term
Second
Definition

 

a commonly used unit of time; 1/60 of a minute.

 

Term
English system          
Definition

 

 a system of measuring that uses, for example, distance units of inches, yards, and miles.

 

Term
Distance         
Definition

 

 the length of space between two points.

 

Term
Time   
Definition

 

 a useful measurement of changes in motion or events; all or part of the past, present, and future.

 

 

 

Term
Velocity          
Definition

 

describes movement from one place to another over time and in a certain direction (speed & direction).

 

Term
Speed 
Definition

 

 describes movement from one place to another over time; distance divided by time.

 

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