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Science 10 chpt 2 set 4
n/a
13
Science
10th Grade
01/15/2011

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Term
Population
Definition
all of the organisms of the same species that share a habitat; the second level of organization that ecologists study
Term
Predation
Definition
an ecological interaction that occurs when a predator captures and consumes prey
Term
Predator
Definition
an organism that lives by preying on other organisms
Term
Predator-prey cycle
Definition
describes the predator-prey relationship in terms of the effects on the size of both populations
Term
Prey
Definition
an animal consumed for food by a predator
Term
Primary consumer
Definition
see herbivore
Term
Producer
Definition
an organism that makes its own food, usually using energy from the Sun in a process called photosynthesis; also called an autotroph
Term
Pyramid of biomass
Definition
an ecological pyramid that represents a snapshot of the total mass of the living things at each trophic level in a community; for most communities, the pyramid of biomass has the standard pyramid shape
Term
Pyramid of energy
Definition
an ecological pyramid that represents how much energy is available in each trophic level; the size of each level represents the amount of energy present in that trophic level
Term
pyramid of numbers
Definition
an ecological pyramid that represents the actual number of organisms present in each trophic level; the shape of a pyramid of numbers varies widely depending on the physical size of the producers
Term
Symbiosis
Definition
a specialized form of interaction between two different species; often, each species develops very specialized behaviours, life cycles, or structures; includes mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism
Term
Trophic level
Definition
a category of living things that describes the position of an organism in relation to the order of nutrient and energy transfers in an ecosystem; the first trophic level contains autotrophs and each higher level contains heterotrophs
Term
Zooplankton
Definition
a type of microscopic plankton that can be found in oceans, seas, and freshwater bodies; feed on phytoplankton
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