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Sci 3: Rocks
Vocabulary
23
Science
Not Applicable
09/04/2005

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Term
TEXTURE

(3:1 Classifying Rocks)
Definition
The size, shape, and pattern of a rock’s grains. (p75)
Term
GRAIN

(3:1 Classifying Rocks)
Definition
A particle of mineral or other rock that gives a rock its texture. (p75)
Term
IGNEOUS ROCK

(3:1 Classifying Rocks)
Definition
A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface. (p77)
Term
SEDIMENTARY ROCK

(3:1 Classifying Rocks)
Definition
A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plant and animals are pressed and cemented together. (p77,287)
Term
METAMORPHIC ROCK

(3:1 Classifying Rocks)
Definition
A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions. (p77)
Term
EXTRUSIVE ROCK

(3:2 Igneous Rocks)
Definition
Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth’s surface. (p79)
Term
BASALT

(3:2 Igneous Rocks)
Definition
Dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust.(79)
Term
INTRUSIVE ROCK

(3:2 Igneous Rocks)
Definition
Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface. (p79)
Term
GRANITE

(3:2 Igneous Rocks)
Definition
A usually light-colored rock that is found in continental crust. (p151)
Term
PORPHYRITIC TEXTURE

(3:2 Igneous Rocks)
Definition
An igneous rock texture in which large crystals are scattered on a background of much smaller crystals. (p79)
Term
SILICA

(3:2 Igneous Rocks)
Definition
A material that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon; silica is found in magma. (p80,186)
Term
SEDIMENT

(3:3 Sedimentary Rocks)
Definition
Small, solid particles of material from rocks or organisms which are moved by water or wind, resulting in erosion and deposition. (p82,247)
Term
EROSION

(3:3 Sedimentary Rocks)
Definition
The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil. (p83,247)
Term
DEPOSITION

(3:3 Sedimentary Rocks)
Definition
The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it, and is deposited in a new location. (p83,247)
Term
COMPACTION

(3:3 Sedimentary Rocks)
Definition
The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight. (p 83)
Term
CEMENTATION

(3:3 Sedimentary Rocks)
Definition
The process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass. (p83)
Term
CLASTIC ROCK

(3:3 Sedimentary Rocks)
Definition
Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure. (p84)
Term
ORGANIC ROCK

(3:3 Sedimentary Rocks)
Definition
Sedimentary rock that forms where remains of organisms are deposited in thick layers. (p85)
Term
CHEMCIAL ROCK

(3:3 Sedimentary Rocks)
Definition
Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals crystallize from a solution. (p86)
Term
CORAL REEF

(3:4 Rocks from Reefs)
Definition
A structure of calcite skeletons built up by coral animals in warm, shallow ocean water. (p88)
Term
ATOLL

(3:4 Rocks from Reefs)
Definition
A ring-shaped coral island found far from land. (p89,474)
Term
FOLIATED

(3:5 Metamorphic Rocks)
Definition
Term used to describe metamorphic rocks whose grains are arranged in parallel layers or bands. (p91)
Term
ROCK CYCLE

(3:6 The Rock Cycle)
Definition
A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another. (p94)
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