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Schizophrenia
Final Exam
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
12/03/2014

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Term
Schizophrenia
Definition
a psychotic disorder characterized by major disturbances in thought, emotion, and behaviour: disorder thinking in which ideas are not logically related, faulty perception and attention, flat or inappropriate affects, and bizarre disturbances in motor activity
Term
Positive Symptoms
Definition
excesses or distortions such as disorganized speech, hallucinations, and delusions
Term
Disorganized speech
Definition
problems in organizing ideas and in speaking so that a listener can understand (incoherent)
Term
Loose associations/derailment
Definition
person may be more successful in communicating with a listener but has difficulty sticking to one topic. They drift off on a train of associations evoked by an idea from the past
Term
Delusions
Definition
beliefs held contrary to reality
Term
Hallucinations
Definition
sensory experiences in the absence of any stimulation from the environment
Term
Negative Symptoms
Definition
behavioural deficits; avolition, alogia, anhedonia, flat affect, and asociality.
Term
Apathy/Avolition
Definition
lack of energy and a seeming absence of interest in or an inability to persist in what are usually routine activities
Term
Alogia
Definition
poverty of speech (sheer amount of speech is greatly reduced) or poverty of content of speech (amount of discourse is inadequate)
Term
Anhedonia
Definition
inability to experience pleasure
Term
Flat Affect
Definition
virtually no stimulus can elicit an emotional response
Term
Asoiality
Definition
severely impaired social relationships
Term
Catatonic Immobility
Definition
clients adopt unusual postures and maintain them for very long periods of time
Term
Wavy Flexibility
Definition
whereby another person can move the persons’ limbs into strange positions that they maintain for extended periods
Term
Inappropriate Affect
Definition
emotional responses of individuals is out of context
Term
Disorganized Schizophrenia
Definition
speech is disorganized and difficult for a listener to follow; may have flat affect or experience constant shifts of emotion
Term
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Definition
clients typically alternate between catatonic immobility and wild excitement, but one may predominate
Term
Paranoid Schizophrenia
Definition
key to this diagnosis is the presence of prominent delusions
Term
Undifferentiated Schizophrenia
Definition
applies to people who meet the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia but not the criteria for any of the 3 subtypes
Term
Residual Schizophrenia
Definition
applies to people who meet the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia but not the criteria for any of the 3 subtypes
Term
D2 Receptors
Definition
dopamine receptors that are blocked by first-generation or conventional antipsychotics
Term
Dopamine theory
Definition
- Theory that schizophrenia is related to excess activity of dopamine is based principally on the knowledge that drugs effective in treating schizophrenia reduce dopamine activity
Term
Sociogenic Hypothesis
Definition
stressors associated with being in a low social class may cause or contribute to the development of schizophrenia
Term
Social-selection theory
Definition
reverses the direction of causality between social class and schizophrenia. During the course of developing psychosis, people with schizophrenia may drift into poverty-ridden areas of the city may chose to move to areas where little social pressure will be brought on them
Term
Schizophrenogenic mother
Definition
supposedly cold, and dominant, conflict-inducing parent who was said to produce schizophrenia in her offspring
Term
Pre-frontal Lobotomy
Definition
a surgical procedure that destroys the tracts connecting the frontal lobes to the centres of the brain
Term
Biological Treatments to Schizophrenia
Definition
shock and psychosurgery, drug treatments - first-generation and second-generation antipsychotic drugs
Term
Tardive Dyskinesia
Definition
mouth muscles involuntarily make sucking, lip-smacking and chin-wagging motions
Term
Psychological Treatments of Schizophrenia
Definition
Social skills training, family therapy, CBT, cognitive enhancement therapy
Term
Cognitive Enhancement Therapy
Definition
a computer-based training in attention, memory and problem-solving, as well as social-cognitive skills
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