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Schizophrenia
Mental Health Nursing: powerpoint 2.4
23
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
06/23/2013

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Term
The Five A's of Schizophrenia
Definition
AFFECT: schizophrenia may cause flat, blunted, inappropriate, or bizarre affect
AMBIVALENCE: they cannot make decisions easily; simultaneously hold \ing two opposing emotions, attitude, ideas, or wishes towards the same person/situation/object
ALOGIA: poverty of speech
AVOLITION: lack of motivation
ANHEDONIA: lack of enjoyment/joy
Term
Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophrenia
Definition
A.) Characteristic symptoms
Two or more of the following during a one-month period:
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized speech
4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
5. Negative symptoms (five A's)
Term
Positive symptoms
Definition
the presence of something that is not normally present (hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior, paranoia)
Term
Negative Symptoms
Definition
the absence of something that should be present but is not
Term
Cognitive Symptoms
Definition
abnormalities in the way a person thinks
Term
Affective Symptoms
Definition
symptoms involving emotions and their expression
Term
Concrete thinking
Definition
an impaired ability to think abstractly
Term
Paranoid Type Schizophrenia
Definition
Preoccupation with delusions or auditory hallucinations
Term
Disorganized Type Schizophrenia
Definition
Disorganized speech, behavior, and flat in inappropriate affect
Term
Undifferentiated Type Schizophrenia
Definition
does not meet criteria for other subtypes or may meet criteria for several subtypes
Term
Schizoaffective Disorder
Definition
characteristic by a major depressive, manic, or mixed mood episode presenting concurrently with symptoms of schizophrenia. The symptoms are not due to any substance use or due to a medical condition
Term
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Definition
involves a sudden onset of psychosis or grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior lasting at least 1 day but less than 1 month. It is often precipitated by extreme stressors and ir followed by return to premorbid functioning
Term
Life expectancy of a Schizophrenic patient compared to the general population:
Definition
10-15 years less for a schizophrenic, due to stress, medications, and poor coping mechanisms
Term
Causes of Schizophrenia
Definition
Diathesis-Stress Model of Schizophrenia (multiple inherited gene abnormalities combined with non genetic factors alter the structures of the brain, affect the brain's neurotransmitter system, and/or injure the brain directly)
-Decrease in gray matter
-Pathology in hippocampal-amygdala complex
-Issues with higher order processes of emotion
-Neurotransmitter issues
Term
What is GABA mainly responsible for in Schizophrenia?
Definition
many of the psychotic symptoms
Term
The course of Schizophrenia runs through four different stages:
Definition
Prodromal
Phase 1-Acute
Phase 2-Stabilization
Phase 3-Maintenance
Term
Prodromal period of Schizophrenia
Definition
can appear a month or a year before the first psychotic break or full-blown manifestations of the illness.
Represents a CLEAR DETERIORATION in previous functioning.
Complaints of: anxiety, phobias, obsessions, dissociative features, and compulsions. Concentration, memory, and completion of school- or job-related work deteriorate.
Person feels something "strange" or "wrong" is happening
Term
Phase 1-Acute phase of Schizophrenia
Definition
onset or exacerbation of florid, disruptive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, withdrawal) with resultant loss of functional abilities; increased care or hospitalization may be required
Term
Phase 2- Stabilization phase of Schizophrenia
Definition
Symptoms are diminishing, and there is movement towards one's previous level of functioning (baseline); day hospitalization or care in a residential crisis center or a supervised group home may be needed.
Depression --> due to understanding
Term
Phase 3- Maintenance phase of Schizophrenia
Definition
The patient is at or nearing baseline (or premorbid) functioning; symptoms are absent or diminished; level of functioning allows the patient to live in the community
Term
Pharmacologic Treatment for Schizophrenia
Definition
Atypical Antipsychotics
-Zyprexa (chemical restraint, IM)
-Abilify
First Generation Antipsychotics
-Haldol (chemical restraint, IM)
-Prolixin
Term
Atypical Antipsychotic Side-effects
Definition
Physiological
-Metabolic syndrome
-Glucose dysregulation
-Hypercholesterolemia
-Hypertention
Psychosocial
-Self-esteem disturbance
Term
Schizophrenia is...
Definition
a potentially devastating brain disorder that affects a person's thinking, language, emotions, social behavior, and ability to perceive reality accurately.
--> neurobehavioral disorder
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