Shared Flashcard Set

Details

S3 Ross Path Head and Neck
Catroppo
46
Pathology
Professional
11/26/2009

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Allergic and chronic rhinits can lead to...
Definition
nasal poolyps
Term
You are looking at a histology slide and you note edematous CT with diffuse mixed cellular infiltrate with various lymphocytes. What does this describe?
Definition
Nasal polyp
Term
You see edematous nasal mucosa with eosinophils. What does this clue you into?
Definition
Allergic rhinitis
Term

This tumor is seen in BOYS from 10-20 years of age. Grossly you find a smooth lobulated mass with a homogenous cut surface.

 

Microscopically you see vasculature with a staghorn appearance. You also find stellate spindle cells embedded in a dense collagenous surface.

Definition

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

 

Remember NOT to biopys this because they are VERY vascular and they will bleed like hell.

Term
This nasal tumor is benign BUT can be locally agressive.
Definition
Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Term
Your ectoderm that lines the sinonasal tract is called...
Definition
Schneiderian membrane
Term
The two ways Schneiderian papillomas can grow are...
Definition

muchroom shaped (exophytic)

 

downward (inverted)

Term
This tumor has a respiratory epithelium, a fibrovascular core, and neutrophils in the epithelium.
Definition

Schneiderian papilloma

 

Recall that neutrophils in the epithelium is a rare occurance so this is your giveaway.

Term
Where can you see "Epithelial transmigration of neutrophils"
Definition
Schneiderian papillomas
Term
You have a schneiderian papilloma with fronds and it will have NO RISK of becoming a carcinoma. What type is it?
Definition
Exophytic
Term
You have a Schneiderian papilloma which is pushing with endophytic nests and has a 10% risk of becoming an invasive carcinoma. What type is it?
Definition
Inverted
Term
This tumor occurs at the cribiform plate during the 3rd and 4th decade.
Definition

Olfactory neuroblastoma.

 

Remember, when I say "neuroblastoma" you say "Homer Write rosettes"

Term
This tumor spreads locally and can be seen on physical examiniation at the bridge of the nose and can even spread to local lymph nodes.
Definition
ONB (olfactory neuroblastoma)
Term
This type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma will show keratin perls.
Definition

Type I.

 

Recall that Type II has an association with EBV and is non-keratinizing

Term
This tumor is neuroectodermal
Definition

ONB

(Olfactory Neuroblastoma)

Term
This type of NPC is differentiated but DOES NOT MAKE KERATIN
Definition
Type II
Term
This type of NPC does NOT make keratin and is undifferentiated. You may even see a lymphoepithelioma.
Definition

Type III

 

Recall that both Type II & III NPCs are associated with EBV

Term
The standard Tx for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Definition
Radiation.
Term
You are looking at the histoloy of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma and you see numerous lymphocytes. Are these cancerous?
Definition
Nope.
Term
You have a patient from the far east with a tumor in his nose. What type of tumor do you think it could be?
Definition
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Term
What is the virus responsibile for types II and III NPC?
Definition
EBV
Term
A small reactive polipoid lesion on the true vocal cords.
Definition
Nodule. Does not lead to cancer.
Term
A true neoplasm covered by squamous epithelium that may be related to HPV6 and 11
Definition
Papilloma
Term
If you see HPV 16 and 18, would you be concerned if your patient has a papilloma?
Definition
It is rare, but it would progress to cancer.
Term
Where the the most common location of a vocal cord carcinoma?
Definition
Glottic (on the cord)
Term
What are some major contributors to vocal cord carcinoma?
Definition
Alcohol, tobacco, asbestos, HPV
Term
You have decided to become an otorhinolarngolosit because they get paied a lot and don't require astronomical step scores. Your patient has a fungating mass in her throat that grossly looks like a cauliflower. A biopsy reveals keratine pearls in the submucosa. What does this tell you?
Definition
This is a vocal cord carcinoma that has breached the basal membrane.
Term
What is a common cause of a cholesteatoma?
Definition
Chronic otitis media. This will present with a white pus.
Term

This is not important so you can skip it.

 

What probably killed Oscar Wilde?

Definition
Cholesteatoma.
Term

You are a pathologist and you are lucky enough to see the following in a single field of view:

 

Keratin

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Fibrous/Granulation tissue

 

What do you suspect?

Definition
Cholesteatoma
Term
What is a very serious complication of cholesteatoma?
Definition
It can erode the ossicles and bony wall of the middle ear and laed to meningitis.
Term
This pathology is seen only in AIDS patients and presents as an area with white hairy thickening on the lateral aspect of the tongue. You will find that it does not rub off.
Definition

Oral hairy leukoplakia.

 

The "hair' is actually filiform keratin projections.

Term
What is the definative pathologic agent of Oral hairy leukoplakia?
Definition
EBV
Term
This is a preacancerous lesion which is at the mucosal level and is a marked epithelial dysplasia.
Definition
Erythroplakia
Term

You know that genomic instability is due to an accumulation of mutations which lead to various pathologies. In terms of progression you also know that epithelium can transform from normal to hyperplasia, dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, to carcinoma.

 

What are the most common causes of Dysplasia, Carcinoma in situ, and Carcinoma?

Definition

p53 mutation → Dysplasia

Cyclin D1 amplification → Carcinoma in situ

pTEN inactivation  → Carcinoma

Term
Your patient has an ulcer with elevated rolled borders. What could it be?
Definition

Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

 

This cancer is locally invasive and can spread to local lymph nodes.

Term
Did you know that there is more money being sent to aid non-militant countries than there is being spent on our veterans?
Definition

Sure, you can blow it off now. But you'll regret it when you're working 14 hour days 6 days a week to keep up with your governement-mandated patient quota.

 

Be a Patriot. Ask Questions. Demand Answers.

Term
What are the two types of salivary gland tumors?
Definition

Major: parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Minor: in oral cavity.

Term
This type of salivary gland tumor causes excrutiating pain due to its spread into perineural spaces and it malignant.
Definition
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (AdCC)
Term
Where do 80% of the salivary gland tumors occur?
Definition

Parotid Gland

 

Recall that parotid gland tumors can either be pleomorphic adenomas or Warthin tumors, both of which are benign.

Term
[image]
Definition

This is a classic picture of a Pleomorphic adenoma. This will probabably be on the exam and path lab.

 

Note that it has epithelial and cartillage components and is decently cirumcribed except for where there is a "tongue-like" protrusion. This protrusion is outside the capsule and thus make enucleation less effective. This is why the entire gland must be removed.

Term
___________ ____________ ___________ is a tumor effecting the parotid gland in older, male smokers. Grossly you see an encapsulated mass with cystic spaces. Microscopically you see a double layer of epithelial cells surrounding a dense lymphocytic stroma. This tumor is benign.
Definition

Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum

Better known as Warthin Tumor

Even better known has Catroppo's Hero Tumor

Term
This is not only the most common malignant tumor of all salivary glands, but its also the most common pediatric salivary gland tumor. It is usually induced by radiation.
Definition

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

This will stain postive on a mucicarmine stain.

If you see a t(11:19), the outcome will be better.

Term
In this pathological condition, the hyoid bone must be removed and you will histologically see thyroid follicles.
Definition
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
Term
Your patient is college student named McStressin. He complains of an ulceration in his mouth. You see a red halo around the ulcer. What do you suspect?
Definition
Apthous Ulcer, better known as a Canker Sore
Term

Our of the following two senarios, which one is HPV Positive?

 

1. Sexually contracted, younger patient, increase in p16, Basaloid cells. Decent prognosis

 

2. From tobacco and alcohol use, older patient, decrease in p16, p53 mutation, keratinoid cells, not a good prognosis.

Definition
Senario #1 will be HPV+
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