Shared Flashcard Set

Details

S3.M3.Pharm8
Local Anesthetics
15
Pharmacology
Professional
08/04/2010

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
two TYPES of LOCAL ANESTHETICS? specifics of each
Definition
ESTERS-don't cross placenta--> safe in pregnancy
-hydrolyzed in blood
AMIDES-liver metabolism, CI in liver diseased patients
Term
MOA of Local Anesthetics
Definition
blocks Na+ channel--> must cross membrane and work from inside (closes H gate of channel)
**WORKS MOSTLY ON HIGH FIRING NEURONS** because outside gate (M gate) is open--> easier access
Term
***what is the order of FIBER ANESTHESIA?***
Definition
sympathetic fibers-->sensory fibers-->motor fibers
1) B and C fibers (vaso/visceromotor & pain/touch)
2) C dorsal root & A delta (pain/touch)
3) A alpha/beta (motor)
Term
common side effects of LOCAL ANESTHETICS
Definition
CNS: restlessness, tremors (inhibits inhibitory neurons)
CVS: decreased contractility, conductance; arteriolar dilation
SMOOTH MUSCLE: relaxation minus uterus
Term
name the ESTERS and duration of action
Definition
procaine-short acting
chloroprocaine-short acting
tetracaine-long acting
Term
name the AMIDES and duration of action
Definition
**NO SHORT ACTING AMIDES**
LIDOCAINE-intermediate
PRILOCAINE-intermediate
MEPIVACAINE-long
BUPIVOCAINE-long
ROPIVOCAINE-long
ARTICAINE
Term
PROCAINE
Definition
short acting ESTER
-PABA metabolite inhibits SULFONAMIDE
Term
CHLOROPROCAINE
Definition
SHORT acting ESTER
-causes back pain
**often given with BUPIVOCAINE because it is fast acting**
Term
TETRACAINE
Definition
**only LONG acting ESTER**
-spinal epidural anesthesia
Term
**LIDOCAINE**
Definition
INTERMEDIATE acting AMIDE
-given with EPI to increase duration (vasoconstriction)
-also given topically
**anti-arrhythmic**
-FAST ACTING
Term
PRILOCAINE
Definition
INTERMEDIATE acting AMIDE
-can cause METHEMOGLOBINEMIA-->FE3+ cant be converted to FE2+
Term
MEPIVACAINE
Definition
LONG acting AMIDE
**toxic to NEONATES**
Term
**BUPIVOCAINE**
Definition
LONG acting AMIDE
-used for indwelling catheters
**cardiotoxic & arrhythmogenic**
**only AMIDE that is safe in PREGNANCY because it is highly protein bound**
-sometimes given with CHLOROPROCAINE
Term
ROPIVOCAINE
Definition
LONG acting AMIDE
-safe for childbirth
Term
ARTICAINE
Definition
for dental procedures
Supporting users have an ad free experience!